1. 1. QUESTION

    

   Module 2 Reading Worksheet N4325  Nursing Research

   Please copy the ENTIRE link below to your URL bar so as to open the article. (Make sure to highlight the answers)

    

   https://elearn.uta.edu/bbcswebdav/pid-4262193-dt-content-rid-33947819_2/courses/2158-RN-BSN-NURSING-RESEARCH-84940-501/Staff%20Nurses%27%20Use%20of%20Research%20to%20Facilitate%20Evidence%20Based%20Practice%20_Yoder%20et%20al%2C%202014_%281%29%281%29.pdf

    

    

    

   Question 1

   What sampling method or plan was used by the authors in this study?

   	a.	simple random sampling
   	b.	systematic sampling
   	c.	convenience sampling
   	d.	network sampling
   	e.	none of the above

   4 points

   Question 2

   According to Grove, Gray, and Burns (2015), what are the potential biases of this sampling method?

   	a.	this is a strong probability sampling method with very little potential for bias
   	b.	this method is used when an ordered list of all members of the population are available, and provides a random but not equal chance for inclusion in the study.
   	c.	this method provides little opportunity to control for bias because subjects are included in the study merely because they happen to be in the right place at the right time.
   	d.	this method is specific to the individuals who were recruited and the information gained cannot be generalized to others who don’t share these types of experiences.
   	e.	none of the above biases best describe the sampling method chosen by the author.

   4 points

   Question 3

   What was the final sample size reported by the authors for this study?

   	a.	2900 nurses
   	b.	1112 nurses
   	c.	794 nurses
   	d.	the final sample size was not reported

   4 points

   Question 4

   Was a power analysis conducted? If so, which statement best describes the results of the power analysis?

   	a.	The authors mention that a power analysis was conducted and state that the low power level of 0.55 for the Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient is a limitation of the study.
   	b.	The authors mention that a power analysis was conducted, and 750 subjects were determined to be needed for the study.
   	c.	The authors do not report that a power analysis was conducted.

   4 points

   Question 5

   Which of these statements would be considered to be inclusion criterion for the sample in the research article? (Select all that apply).

   	a.	The author did not specifically report inclusion criteria.
   	b.	The subject must be a “staff nurse”.
   	c.	The subject must spend more than 50% of their working hours delivering bedside care.
   	d.	The subject must have successfully completed a continuing nursing education course offered by the hospital on research utilization.

   4 points

   Question 6

   Which of these statements would be considered to be an exclusion criterion specifically identified by the authors for the sample in the research article?

   	a.	Subjects who spent less than 50% of their working hours delivering bedside care.
   	b.	Subjects with a previous degree would be excluded from the study.
   	c.	Subjects with current or previous experience working in nursing research would be excluded from the study.
   	d.	The author did not specifically report exclusion criteria.

   4 points

   Question 7

   What is the refusal rate for this study? (Hint: see page 253 in your text)

   	a.	1112/2900 X 100% = 38.3%
   	b.	1788/2900 x 100% = 61.6%
   	c.	794/1788 X 100% = 44.4%
   	d.	0%

   4 points

   Question 8

   Which of the following would be accurate for the attrition rate for this study?

   	a.	1112/2900 X 100% = 38.3%
   	b.	1788/2900 X 100% = 61.6%
   	c.	794/1788 X 100% = 44.4%
   	d.	0%.

   4 points

   Question 9

   What was the setting for this research study? Briefly describe the setting and indicate whether it was appropriate for conducting this study.

   	a.	The setting for this study was a natural or field setting and was appropriate for this study’s research design.
   	b.	The setting for this study was a partially controlled setting and was appropriate for this study’s research design.
   	c.	The setting for this study was a highly controlled setting and was appropriate for this study’s research design.
   	d.	The setting for this study was not well described by the authors and therefore not appropriate for conducting this study.

   4 points

   Question 10

   Which one of these questionnaires, scales, or physiologic measures are used in this research study?

   	a.	The Perceived Ethical Confidence Scale
   	b.	The Research Utilization in Nursing Survey
   	c.	The Nursing Evidence Based Practice Scale
   	d.	The Resilience Scale

   4 points

   Question 11

   How do the authors describe the CURRENT reliability of the questions / subsections that were adapted from the Research Utilization in Nursing Survey?

   	a.	they computed a Cronbach’s alpha on the questionnaires that were administered to this group of subjects.
   	b.	they compared the odd and even questions on the test to determine their equivalence.
   	c.	a team of staff nurses was trained by the primary investigator to administer the questionnaire.
   	d.	they tested the current group of subjects twice using the same questionnaire.

   4 points

   Question 12

   How do the authors describe the validity of the Research Utilization in Nursing Survey as it was used in this study?

   	a.	evidence of validity from convergence and divergence
   	b.	evidence of validity from contrasting groups
   	c.	evidence of validity from use in multiple research studies
   	d.	content validity was established by three researchers

   4 points

   Question 13

   Did the authors develop a questionnaire or survey for this research study? (Select all that apply.)

   	a.	They used parts of previously developed questionnaires or surveys.
   	b.	They developed their own questions to ask about demographic information.
   	c.	Interviews were reportedly used, but the authors do not expound on what was included.
   	d.	The reported adding a few of their own “short answer” questions at the end of the questionnaire.
   	e.	They developed the Nursing Evidence Based Practice Scale
   	f.	This study did not use any questionnaires or surveys.

   4 points

   Question 14

   Were any physiological measurements collected from the subjects for the purpose of this study?

   	a.	Yes
   	b.	No

   4 points

   Question 15

   Which one of the following best describes the data collection process used in this study?

   	a.	questionnaires / surveys were completed via the telephone
   	b.	a team of staff nurses served as the investigators and collected the data
   	c.	questionnaires / surveys were completed via the hospital system’s intranet
   	d.	nurse researchers interviewed the study participants
   	e.	questionnaires / surveys were completed during class time in a BSN program

   4 points

   Question 16

   If there were more than one data collector for the study, would an estimation of inter-rater reliability be an important concept for the authors to report on for this study?

   	a.	yes, and the authors reported their efforts to achieve inter-rater reliability.
   	b.	yes, but the authors do not discuss any efforts to achieve inter-rater reliability after the initial training
   	c.	no, the issue of inter-rater reliability does not apply here.

   4 points

   Question 17

   What descriptive statistics are used in this study? (Select all that apply.)

   	a.	mean
   	b.	median
   	c.	standard deviation
   	d.	scatterplots
   	e.	z-scores
   	f.	percentage distributions

   4 points

   Question 18

   What inferential statistics are used to examine the data obtained from the subjects? (Select all that apply.)

   	a.	Pearson’s Product-Moment Correlation
   	b.	Factor Analysis
   	c.	Regression Analysis
   	d.	Chi-Square
   	e.	ANCOVA
   	f.	ANOVA
   	g.	t-Test
   	h.	None of the above inferential statistics were used in this study.

   4 points

   Question 19

   What is the level of significance (alpha) set at for this study? ( Hint: is there an alpha given under the Tables or specifically mentioned in the text of the article?)

   	a.	.05 or 5%
   	b.	.10 or 90%
   	c.	.01 or 1%
   	d.	a level of significance was not specifically mentioned by the author.

   4 points

   Question 20

   There are several statistically significant findings in this study. Which of these statements from the article would be considered a significant and predicted result?

   	a.	Most respondents said that they would use research to educate patients (86%), try a new procedure (86%), change unit practice (86%), or educate another nurse (85%).
   	b.	This study used a cross-sectional design and nurses from only one hospital system.
   	c.	It’s vital that educators and clinical nurse specialists understand the concepts of EBP and work with unit managers to engage the staff in research utilization and EBO implementation.
   	d.	None of the above.

   4 points

   Question 21

   Which one of these statements from the article would be considered to be indicative of a qualitative theme from one of the open-ended (mixed methods) questions?

   	a.	Seventy-five percent of nurses rely on personal experience, 60% report using knowledge gained at conferences.
   	b.	I really have used very little findings. None I can recall right now, though I have taken some continuing education courses.
   	c.	While recent graduates may have learned about research utilization and EBP through their coursework, more senior nurses may need to be educated through hospital-based classes.
   	d.	On the other hand, the anonymous nature of data collection may have encouraged greater honesty.

   4 points

   Question 22

   Which one of these statements from the article would be considered clinically important?

   	a.	Nursing students in this sample highly valued evidence based practice and research.
   	b.	It would be helpful to do research on nurses’ attitudes toward and use of evidence based practice methods over time, especially at hospitals that are just beginning to seek magnet designation.
   	c.	Further research about research utilization and evidence based practice may be needed.
   	d.	Many nurses seemed to expect their unit educator or clinical nurse specialist to search the literature, synthesize the relevant findings, and concisely convey this evidence to them.

   4 points

   Question 23

   Which one of these statements from the article would be considered a limitation of the study?

   	a.	The use of self-report data is not always reliable. On the other hand, the anonymous nature of data collection may have encouraged greater honesty.
   	b.	Many nurses seemed to expect their unit educator or clinical nurse specialist to search out the literature, synthesize the relevant findings, and concisely convey this evidence to them.
   	c.	Seventy-five percent of nurses rely on personal experience, 69% report using knowledge gained at conferences.
   	d.	Most respondents said that they would use research to educate patients (86%), try a new procedure (86%), change unit practice (86%), or educate another nurse (85%).

   4 points

   Question 24

   Which one of these statements from the article would be considered a statement regarding generalization of these results?

   	a.	This study used a cross sectional design and nurses from only one hospital system.
   	b.	Most respondents said that they would use research to educate patients (86%), try a new procedure (86%), change unit practice (86%) or educate another nurse (85%).
   	c.	Nursing students in this sample highly valued evidence based practice and research.
   	d.	While recent graduates may have learned about research utilization and EBP through their coursework, more senior nurses may need to be educated through hospital-based classes.

   4 points

   Question 25

   Which one of these statements from the article would be considered a recommendation for future studies?

   	a.	I have really used very little findings. None I can recall right now, though I have taken some continuing education classes.
   	b.	This study used a cross sectional design and nurses from only one hospital system.
   	c.	It would be helpful to do research on nurses’ attitudes toward and use of evidence-based practice methods over time, especially at hospitals that are just beginning to seek magnet designation.
   	d.	Seventy-five percent of nurses rely on personal experience, 69% report using knowledge gained at conferences.

   4 points

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