Answer

Domestic violence prevention programs

Report from the kitchen table conversations with culturally and linguistically diverse women on violence against women and their children. (2015). Hearing Her Voice.

The source highlighted the alarming rate at which domestic violence occurs in Australia. According to the source, one out of three women has suffered from physical violence. Moreover, one out of five women in Australia has also been subjected to sexual abuse. However, the source has stated that the Australian government is keen on eliminating any form of violence against women. The source involved 29 kitchen table conversations that were conducted by the CALD women leaders between 2014 and 2015. The conversation itself involved at least 40 ethnic women from different parts of Australia. The main aim of the meeting was to gather different views from different cultural groups across Australia to enable the government to effectively protect both women and children from domestic violence.

The findings of the conversations revealed that the majority of women from different ethnic groups in Australia share the same views and experiences regarding the menace of domestic violence. However, the conversation identified women empowerment as the main preventive method that can be employed to manage violence against women in Australia. Example of approaches identified by the conversation includes employing women, finding affordable accommodation to the affected women, and helping women to achieve financial independence. Other preventive measures that the conversation identified include legal advice provided as well as providing childcare to the affected children.

Despite successfully involving women in the fight against domestic violence, the source was limited in the form that it lacked professional touch. It is worth noting that the majority of the views that the source managed to gather were from nonprofessional women. Therefore, focusing on their views as the main approaches to preventing domestic violence is limiting.

Spangaro, J., & Ruane, J. (2014). Health Interventions for Family and Domestic Violence: A

Literature Review. NSW Kinds & Family.

Spangaro and Ruane in their article revealed that domestic violence was countrywide in Australia concern by the year 2006. The authors went ahead to state that domestic violence affects both women and men. However, women suffer more as compared to men with a percentage of 17% and 5% respectively. Besides, Spangaro and Ruane went on to purport that domestic violence is not only a problem in Australia but the entire globe because it is responsible for premature deaths across the globe. The authors identified the following as the main effects of domestic violence: decreased functioning of mental and physical aspects of the body and increased chances of self-harm. Besides, the article also claimed that people exposed to domestic violence tend to have an increased prevalence of being depressed and suffering from chronic pains.

The authors performed a theoretical investigation to establish the best practice approaches that can be used to prevent and minimize the prevalence of domestic violence among Australians. In their study, they involved a mixture of randomized trials and systematic reviews to collect the data. They searched different databases such as CINAHL, Informit, Medlin (Ovid), Violence Abuse Abstract, and Social work Abstract among other databases. From their online search, they were able to obtain 1647 documents and from them, 59 were related to systematic reviews. The findings revealed a different degree of existence of domestic violence coupled with different possible methods of preventing them

From their findings, Spangaro and Ruane proposed the following programs as the best practice methods of preventing domestic violence against women in Australia. The first program is regular and routine screening for domestic violence. They went further to state that the screening should be conducted by a skilled health worker with the ability to interrogate and identify the potential signs that can lead to domestic violence. Spangaro and Ruane also proposed risk assessment and safety planning by a qualified social worker as a way of quantifying the risks involved and formulating safety guidelines to minimize the negative effects of domestic violence. Instituting first-line responses that can be used in case of occurrence of domestic violence is another best practice method.

Other best practice activities include counseling women that have suffered from domestic violence, protecting both the child and the mother from the negative impacts of the vice, as well as involving the multi-agency in the war against domestic violence. Therefore, the source has not only exhaustively covered preventing approaches to the menace of domestic violence but also offers more details regarding the state of domestic violence in Australia. The limitations attributed to the source include a lack of adequate and skilled personnel to conduct the study.

Vaughan, C., Jarallah, Y., Murdolo, A., Murray, L., Quiazon, R., Block, K., & Zannettino, L.

(2019). The MuSeS project: a mixed-methods study to increase understanding of the role

of settlement and multicultural services in supporting migrant and refugee women

experiencing violence in Australia. BMC International Health and Human Rights, 19(1).

Vaughan et al. in their article described domestic violence as an issue that is of global concern. However, just like the majority of societies, domestic violence affects women more than men. The authors in their article acknowledge that there is limited knowledge of domestic violence among refugees and immigrants. Therefore, Vaughan et al are trying to address the gap and help them overcome issues about domestic violence through their MuSeS project. The authors involved the use of mixed research methods in their project and involved three Australian states and six Australian communities. The concerned states involve Tasmania, South Australia, and Victoria. The refugees in these communities will be interviewed to assess the prevalence and mitigation strategies of the vice.

The findings of the research revealed that about 37% of Australian women have been either sexually or physically abused. Besides, one in every six women in Australia has experienced domestic violence. However, the number of women that have experienced domestic violence is higher among the Australian refugees. The possible limitation of the study is that it is not inclusive because not all communities were researched but six. Moreover, the authenticity of the information gathered could not be validated. Despite the existence of these limitations, the authors tried to fill the gap concerning the state of domestic violence that was previously missing among the refugees. Therefore, the research study will be vital for the policymakers in finding approaches that can be useful in curbing the vice among the refugees residing in Australia.

Evaluative analysis

            Finding relevant sources was not easy because most of the studies were performed a long time ago and are less relevant to the current situation of domestic violence in Australia. It means that the majority of the available sources could not reveal the current preventive measures that can be used to minimize domestic violence among the Australian people. Furthermore, there was little literature regarding a past study that involved immigrants such as refugees. Therefore, it was not easy to perform a comparative analysis of domestic violence between immigrants and Australians.

From the above sources, it is evident that domestic violence is a problem that the Australian government should take very seriously. It is because its prevalence is on the steady rise. Moreover, from the above sources, women are more likely to suffer from domestic violence than their male counterparts. Furthermore, the sources pointed out children also suffer physically and psychologically from domestic violence. Additionally, it is evident from the sources that measures should be put in place to come up with best-practice methods that can be used in identify, prevent, and manage domestic violence within the boundaries of Australia. Moreover, best practices should also be instituted to help those who have suffered from domestic violence cope and heal with the condition.

Besides, the government should train health workers on ways of identifying individuals who are experiencing domestic violence with the intention of helping them overcome the physical and psychological damages. Therefore, it can be argued that both sources have adequately covered domestic violence in regards to best practice preventive measures and its prevalence rates in Australia. Consequently, the sources are credible and valid. Hence the sources can be used in handling topics that relate to domestic violence preventive practices in Australia. Therefore, the sources can be very helpful in helping Australia eliminate the problem of domestic violence.

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