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Determinants of hand hygiene behaviour based on the Theory of Interpersonal Behaviour Tom R. Kupfer1,2 , Kayleigh J. Wyles1, Fraje Watson3, Roberto Marcello La Ragione4, Mark A. Chambers4 and Alastair S. Macdonald5 Abstract Background: Many investigations into the determinants of hand hygiene (HH) behaviour have explored only individual predictors or were designed according to arguably overly simplistic models of behaviour. Consequently, important influences on HH behaviour, including habit and emotion, are sometimes neglected. This study is the first to employ the Theory of Interpersonal Behaviour as a comprehensive model for understanding the determinants of HH behaviour. Method: A self-report questionnaire was conducted with staff from two large UK veterinary referral practices. Participants (n=75) reported their HH behaviour and responded to statements rating the importance of social norms, self-protection, patient protection, time pressures, access to equipment, habit and disgust, to their HH behaviour. Results: Regression analysis showed that, overall, determinants explained 46% of variance (P