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  • QUESTION

     TLC and Chromatography   

    1. introduction section only
      format = ACS style
      Introduction
      This section tells the reader why you did the experiment. Include background information that suggest why the topic is of interest and related findings. It should contain the following:
      · Descriptions of the nature of the problem and summaries of relevant research to provide context and key terms so your reader can understand the experiment.
      · A statement of the purpose, scope, and general method of investigation in your study.
      Express the central question you are asking.
      · Descriptions of your experiment, hypothesis (es), research questions. Explain what you
      are proposing for certain observations.
      The introduction should present the scientific problem at hand to the reader. Explain to the reader why the experiment was conducted, how it was designed and perhaps, if appropriate, what was found. Literature that is relevant should be incorporated and will help the reader understand the context of your study. A good rule of thumb is to start at the most general topic and progressively move towards the specific. Here is a general outline for an introduction:
      In this section, consider including figures, schemes and equations that complement the text.
      While this is similar to the information that you should have written your notebook, the introduction to a paper is different than the background that you included for an experiment (or experiments) in your notebook. Remember that you are trying to reach a larger, more general audience with your paper, and the introduction must be structured to draw the reader in and help them focus on your important results.
      Begin the Introduction as: The purpose of this experiment is……….
      sample lab report attached

    ANSWER

 

Subject Chemistry Pages 4 Style APA

Answer

Thin Layer Chromatography

Introduction

Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) is a method that is used in identification of different mixture compounds. TLC will tell the number of components that the mixture contains, compound identification, and the compounds purity. The reactions progress can also be monitored by the TLC as the as the appearance of product and disappearance of the reactants can be keenly observed.

TLC operations consist of the three steps that is spotting, development, and visualization. Unlike column chromatography, thin layer chromatography uses small samples. Although, thin layer chromatography uses small samples, it is usually accurate and the results obtained from a very efficient thin layer chromatograph is about 99% correct. For this reason, it has always been used to confirm the results obtained from column chromatography. The thin layer chromatography also takes a little time such that within 10 minutes, the results will have been obtained.

Thin layer chromatography is usually carried in the laboratory as a supplementary method. Although since its inception, there has been great progress because column chromatography has limited accuracy. Although column chromatography is an easy method of components separation, it has some setbacks that that limits its application; the results obtained from this technique are difficult to reproduce, the method is limited to soluble mixtures, it is difficult to obtain both qualitative and quantitative data from the results , thin layer chromatography works in an open system and maybe affected by humidity and temperature changes, separation takes place up to a given point because plate is limited, and the process is also not automatic.  TLC has two phases that is a stationary phase that is usually a solid and the liquid or gas mobile phase (Heinke 2017).  The stationary phase is normally a solid embedded on a glass, plastic, or aluminium plate while the liquid or gas phase is moving.

In this lab experiment, the stationary phase was made of silica gel while the mobile phase was composed of 99:1 ethyl acetate which is acetic acid. The chosen liquid is polar, this is because of the substances that needs to be separated are non-polar. Therefore, non-polar liquid like water could not be used. In this case, those substances that are polar will be attracted to the stationary phase and will tend to stick on the solid surface and will be spotted near the baseline while those that are non-polar will be eluded in the mobile phase. For the comparison to be done, retention factor (Rf) is usually calculated for every spot. This is done by dividing the distance travelled by the substance from the baseline to the distance travelled by the liquid mobile phase. The non-polar compounds will have higher retention factor compared to the polar substances. When the polarity of the solved is increased, the value of the retention factor increases while increasing the substance’s polarity results in lower Rf value.

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References

  • Heinke, F., Beier, R., Bergmann, T., Mixtacki, H., & Labudde, D. (2017, May). Novel Computational Techniques for Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) Profiling and TLC Profile Similarity Scoring. In International Conference: Beyond Databases, Architectures and Structures (pp. 373-385). Springer, Cham.

     

     

     

     

     

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