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Question
Social and Behavioral Responsible Conduct of Research
The Collaborative Institutional Training Initiative (CITI) training in research ethics is a requirement for submission of your practice implementation project to the Institutional Review Board (IRB). CITI training provides you with information regarding IRB requirements. During this online training, you will be required to read and process information and to take quizzes to demonstrate your understanding of research ethics and IRB requirements. You will be able to save your work at the end of each module, exit, and return later. You will complete both the Basic Research Course and the Social and Behavioral Responsible Conduct of Research Course during this topic.
For this assignment, you will complete the Social and Behavioral Responsible Conduct of Research Course.
General Requirements:
Use the following information to ensure successful completion of the assignment:
- CITI registration directions are found in the DC Network. To access them.
- Set up your CITI account and register for the requiredSocial and Behavioral Responsible Conduct of Research Course by going to https://www.citiprogram.org. Click on the “Register Here” to register. You may register for the Basic Research Course at this time as well.
Directions:
- Logon to the CITI training website
- Complete all modules of the Social and Behavioral Responsible Conduct of Research Course.
- A completion report will be generated by the CITI website after you complete all modules.
- Save your certificate as a pdf document on your computer.
- Submit the saved completion report to the instructor
To earn portfolio practice hours, enter the following at the end of the completion report:
Portfolio Practice Hours:
Practice immersion assignments are based on your current course objectives and is application based learning using your real-world practice setting. These assignments earn practice immersion hours and are indicated in the syllabus by a Portfolio Practice Hours statement, which reminds you, the learner, to enter in a corresponding case log in Typhon. Actual clock hours are entered, but the average hours associated with each practice immersion assignment is 10.
You are required to complete your assignment using real-world application. Real-world application requires the use of evidence-based data, contemporary theories, and concepts presented in the course. The culmination of your assignment must present a viable application in a current practice setting. For more information on parameters for practice immersion hours, please refer to DNP resources in the DC Network.
| Subject | Report Writing | Pages | 4 | Style | APA |
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Answer
The reliability and validity of a quantitative study are dependent on the data analysis approach. In experimental or correlation study designs, obtaining data before and after an intervention aids in establishing the impact of the treatment on the subjects. A paired sample t-test in this regard is employed to establish whether the mean variation between the observations is 0 (Kim, 2015). Every entity or subject is examined twice which results in pairs in the observations. To enable one conduct the survey in the two instances, a significant population size is imperative.
The calculation of population sizes for a study considers a wide range of issues including the error and confidence interval (CI) which reflects on the number of times the researcher is likely to get similar results. The Cochran’s formula can be used to calculate the sample sizes for large and small studies. Core elements in the formula include e which is the desired precision level or error margin, p which is the estimated population proportion, and q which is calculated as (1-p) (Kulinskaya & Dollinger, 2015).
Using the statistics.co.ke online calculator, the sample size may be established as follows. The error margin is 5% which is common. The confidence level is taken as 95%. For the population, the calculator recommends the use of 100000. However, in this case, the population is set at 250 while the likely sample population is 50%. The use of these figures yields 152 as the sample size.
Source: https://select-statistics.co.uk/calculators/sample-size-calculator-population-proportion/
The above findings can also be used to estimate the confidence interval according to https://surveysystem.com/sscalc.htm#one. Calculating the confidence interval, it is established as 4.99
The impact of sample size on the validity of research is centered on statistical power. A small size decreases the power of the study and results in a larger margin error thus rendering the study invalid and unreliable (Howard, 2017). In addition, Type II errors result from small sample sizes which affect the confirmation of the results. This skews the results making them invalid.
References
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Howard, P. D. (2017). The effect of sample heterogeneity and risk categorization on area under the curve predictive validity metrics. Criminal justice and behavior, 44(1), 103-120. Kim, T. K. (2015). T test as a parametric statistic. Korean journal of anesthesiology, 68(6), 540. Kulinskaya, E., & Dollinger, M. B. (2015). An accurate test for homogeneity of odds ratios based on Cochran’s Q-statistic. BMC medical research methodology, 15(1), 49.
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