American Rhetoric

Analyze historical speeches and understand organization and delivery tactics. Pick one speech from American Rhetoric's top 100 speeches list. Listen to or watch the speech, and be sure to take a look at the transcript of the speech below the video or sound clip as well. Think about how the speech is organized. Can you identify the introduction, body, conclusion, and transitions? Tell us where the body begins, where the conclusion begins, and list at least one transitional phrase from the speech. Did you find identifying the structure of the speech difficult? Do you think the organization of the speech you chose to analyze contributed to the effectiveness and overall delivery of the message? Why or why not?

Sample Solution

Example Speech: Martin Luther King, Jr. "I Have a Dream" Introduction: The beginning of the speech starts with a call to action and invitation for listeners to join the fight against bigotry and injustice. Transition phrase: “Now is the time” Body: The body begins with an overview of America’s current state where racial discrimination and segregation are rampant. He calls on Americans to remember their national promise of justice under the law, regardless of race.          
imilar tactics? Nevertheless, arguably Frowe will argue that combatant can lawfully kill each other, showing this is just, which is also supported by Vittola, who states: ‘it is lawful to draw the sword and use it against malefactors (Begby et al (2006b), Page 309).’ In addition, Vittola expresses the extent of military tactics used, but never reaches a conclusion whether it’s lawful or not to proceed these actions, as he constantly found a middle ground, where it can be lawful to do such things but never always (Begby et al (2006b), Page 326-31). This is supported by Frowe, who measures the legitimate tactics according to proportionality and military necessity. It depends on the magnitude of how much damage done to one another, in order to judge the actions after a war. For example, one cannot simply nuke the terrorist groups throughout the middle-east, because it is not only proportional, it will damage the whole population, an unintended consequence. More importantly, the soldiers must have the right intention in what they are going to achieve, sacrificing the costs to their actions. For example: if soldiers want to execute all prisoners of war, they must do it for the right intention and for a just cause, proportional to the harm done to them. This is supported by Vittola: ‘not always lawful to execute all combatants…we must take account… scale of the injury inflicted by the enemy.’ This is further supported by Frowe approach, which is a lot more moral than Vittola’s view but implies the same agendas: ‘can’t be punished simply for fighting.’ This means one cannot simply punish another because they have been a combatant. They must be treated as humanely as possible. However, the situation is escalated if killing them can lead to peace and security, within the interests of all parties. Overall, jus in bello suggests in wars, harm can only be used against combatants, never against the innocent. But in the end, the aim is to establish peace and security within the commonwealth. As Vittola’s conclusion: ‘the pursuit of justice for which he fights and the defence of his homeland’ is what nations should be fighting for in wars (Begby et al (2006b), Page 332). Thus, although today’s world has developed, we can see not much different from the modernist accounts on warfare and the traditionists, giving another