Annotated Bibliography

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Annotated Bibliography

 Brinkley-Rubinstein, L., Zaller, N., Martino, S., Cloud, D. H., McCauley, E., Heise, A., & Seal, D. (2018). Criminal justice continuum for opioid users at risk of overdose. Addictive behaviors, 86, 104-110.

The article by Brinkley-Rubinstein et al (2018) focuses on the steps that judiciary has taken in order to curb overdose of opioids among the inmates. While evidence shows that most of the prisoners or inmates suffer from opioids overdose, a proper screening method has not been put into place to assist the individuals. According to the article, more than half of state prisoners and about two-thirds of county jail detainees report issues with substance use. Notably, an overdose of these drugs is life-threatening and needs instant emergency care. In that regard, the article also focuses on community at large on how use of opioids can be regulated. In so doing, the authors suggest strategies to lower overdose risk among opioids users in the community. I agree that this article is of importance and provide solution to the problem stated. Basically, the concept of a “CJ Continuum of Care for Opioid Users at Risk of Overdose” provides risk assessment, treatment and diversion, and overdose prevention.

Jennings, B. (2018). Solidarity and care as relational practices. Bioethics, 32(9), 553-561.

The article asserts that bioethics is key a factor to be considered for social justice principles of equality, solidarity, and human rights toward building a just society. The author argues that attaining a just society is beyond just the criminal laws and guidelines that have been set by the judicial systems hence a wider viewer or framework must be employed. According to the article, appreciation of solidarity and attention to care will prompt a progressive change towards an autonomous willingness which shall provide equal respect for dignity and right and social services and resources that are required for well‐being and health. This article provides important insight towards achieving a just society. Although laws put by the justice systems are as well very important, individuals must learn to behave morally by caring and being there for one another.

Herbert, M. B. E. A. (July 13, 2015). Cultural competence in criminal justice: The right kind of training can play a helpful role. Human Resource Management International Digest, 23, 5, 39-42.

Herbert (2015) provides information about the importance of cultural competence in criminal justice.  He defines cultural competence as the ability to effectively communicate, interact, and understand individuals across all cultures.  According to the article, citizens anticipate to get equitable,  fair, and safe law enforcement services from policing  institutions without fear of unwarranted force, brutality, and racial discrimination. Basically, this is the crossroads where law enforcement and cultural competence meet. Law enforcement personnel who possess cultural awareness better understand the needs of citizens and exhibit actions that take into account the cultural context of their interactions with citizens. One of the weaknesses of the paper is that it has not provided ways through which criminal justice can attain cultural competence such that the disparities that are witnessed within the criminal justice can be avoided. However, it is important to note that author has definitely passed important information in relation his thesis and the article is a good piece of understanding the need for cultural competence and sensitivity in criminal justice.

Turvey, B. E., & Crowder, S. (2013). Ethical justice: Applied issues for criminal justice students and professionals.

This book provides information of adult criminal justice system which is composed of four components that are legislation, corrections, courts, and law enforcement. According to the book, each of the above mentioned components comprise of other several subcomponents.  The authors deconstruct relationship between law enforcement, the judiciary, and corrections by providing not only definitions but comprehensive analysis of how they work and also provides examples of each and every component. It summarizes the major components as systems that prevent or deter crime by apprehending, trying, and punishing offenders. The overall soundness or strength of the book relies on the fact that it undoubtedly demonstrates the four components with clear examples. The main thesis of the book is the distinction between the main four components that are legislation, corrections, courts, and law enforcement, which the book has clearly highlighted.

Caravelis, C. (2016). Social Justice, Criminal Justice.

This book provides a careful examination of possible relationships that occur between social justice and criminal justice and also explains the role legal system has played in assisting and preventing social change and dynamics of power.  Notably, the book provides significant understanding and perspective of the relationship among social justice, criminal justice, and the law. The book goes forward to give a solid foundation of the primary theoretical and philosophical issues and examines the function of the law as they relate to social justice. It has emphasized that social justice is overarching societal concern about what is wrong or right while criminal justice is a subset of social justice which uses the principles of social justice according to criminal law. The strength of the book is that it provides clear distinction between social and criminal justice using practical examples and where they occurred. It therefore supports it thesis which is differentiating key issues around criminal justice and social justice.