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Bacterial Menningitis
QUESTION
You have been asked by the local elementary school’s Boy/Girl Scout Troop to give a presentation at their next meeting. They are going on an outing and would like to be educated on the infectious diseases that they might encounter in the area they are traveling. There will be approximately twelve adolescents (ages are from 10 - 12) and two adults in the audience.
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| Subject | Nursing | Pages | 4 | Style | APA |
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Answer
Bacterial Meningitis
Good morning to my great audience I have today. My name is ___________________________, and I am going to speak to you about bacterial meningitis. Bacterial meningitis is a key infectious disease that you may encounter during your outing; thus, I believe it is important for you to get a brief description of the background of the disease, learn about how the disease can present itself, treatment and prevention strategies.
Learning Objectives
- To develop basic knowledge on bacterial meningitis.
- To be able to narrate signs and symptoms of the disease
- To be able describe risk factors of the disease.
Background
Definition of Key Terms
- Causative agent – a microorganism that is responsible for development of an infectious disease.
- Cerebrospinal fluid – fluid that surrounds the spinal cord (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2019).
Causative Agents
The disease is caused by several kinds of bacteria (CDC, 2019).
Mode of Transmission
- Causative agent can spread from one infected person to another (CDC, 2019).
- Some causative agents can spread via food (CDC, 2019).
- Via sneezing or coughing (CDC, 2019).
- Some bacteria can be passed via throat or respiratory secretions (CDC, 2019).
Disease Presentation and Characteristics
Signs and Symptoms
- Sudden onset of headache, fever, and a stiff neck (CDC, 2019).
- Other symptoms: vomiting, nausea, confusion, and increased eye sensitivity to light (CDC, 2019).
Risk Factors
- Group setting: crowding increases the risk of spread of causative agents (CDC, 2019).
- Having certain medical conditions, surgical procedures, and medications (CDC, 2019).
- Travel: travelling increases the risk of infections (CDC, 2019).
- Health status: People with weak immune systems (Mehrdadi, 2018).
Possible Outcomes
- Bacterial meningitis is a serious disease that can lead to death in just a few hours (CDC, 2019).
- A large proportion of the infected persons recover from the disease (CDC, 2019).
- May lead to permanent disabilities such as learning disabilities, hearing loss, and brain damage (CDC, 2019).
Management
Diagnosis
- Assessment of clinical features such as neck stiffness, headache, fever, or confusion (Young & Thomas, 2018).
- Laboratory investigation of cerebrospinal fluid or blood to detect the identifying bacteria (CDC, 2019).
Treatment
- Prescriptions of a number of antibiotics. Antibiotic to be sued depends on the type of bacteria causing the disease (CDC, 2019).
Prevention
Precautions
- Receiving appropriate vaccinations against causative agents (CDC, 2019).
- Avoiding close contact with persons who have been diagnosed with disease causing pathogens (CDC, 2019).
Hygiene
- Safe preparation of food (CDC, 2019).
Multiple Choice Questions
- Bacterial meningitis is caused by?
- Bacteria
- Fungi
- Worms
- Viruses
- Which are some of the signs and symptoms of bacterial meningitis? Respond Yes or No.
- Vomiting
- A stiff neck
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- What are some of the risk factors for developing the disease? Respond Yes or No.
- Age
- Crowding
- Good preparation of food
- Travelling
Thank you very much for your time. I can now answer any question
References
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (Aug 06, 2019). Bacterial meningitis. https://www.cdc.gov/meningitis/bacterial.html Mehrdadi, S. (2018). Acute bacterial meningitis: Diagnosis, treatment and prevention. J Arch Mil Med., 6(4), e84749. https://www.researchgate.net/deref/http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.5812%2Fjamm.84749 Young, N., & Thomas, M. (2018). Meningitis in adults: diagnosis and management. Internal Medicine Journal, 48(11), 1294-1307. https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.14102
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