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QUESTION
Title:
Case study
Paper Details
Case Study 1
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Max Points: 50
Details:
In a short essay (500-750 words), answer the Question at the end of Case Study 1. Cite references to support your positions.
Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment; therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful completion of the assignment.
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NRS410V.R.CaseStudy1_Student_02-11-13.docx
Case Study 1\r\n\r\nCase Study 1\r\nMs. A. is an apparently healthy 26-year-old white woman. Since the beginning of the current golf season, Ms. A has noted increased shortness of breath and low levels of energy and enthusiasm. These symptoms seem worse during her menses. Today, while playing in a golf tournament at a high, mountainous course, she became light-headed and was taken by her golfing partner to the emergency clinic. The attending physician’s notes indicated a temperature of 98 degrees F, an elevated heart rate and respiratory rate, and low blood pressure. Ms. A states, “Menorrhagia and dysmenorrheal have been a problem for 10-12 years, and I take 1,000 mg of aspirin every 3 to 4 hours for 6 days during menstruation.” During the summer months, while playing golf, she also takes aspirin to avoid “stiffness in my joints.”\r\n\r\nLaboratory values are as follows:\r\nHemoglobin = 8 g/dl\r\nHematocrit = 32%\r\nErythrocyte count = 3.1 x 10/mm\r\nRBC smear showed microcytic and hypochromic cells\r\nReticulocyte count = 1.5%\r\nOther laboratory values were within normal limits.\r\n\r\nQuestion\r\nConsidering the circumstances and the preliminary workup, what type of anemia does Ms. A most likely have? In an essay of 500-750 words, explain your answer and include rationale.
| Subject | Essay Writing | Pages | 4 | Style | APA |
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Answer
Case Study on Iron Deficiency Anemia
Type of Anemia
Tis paper is a presentation of a case study involving a 26 year old woman, Ms. A. Ms. A’s laboratory results indicate estimates of Hemoglobin level of 8mg/dl, erythrocyte count of 3.1 x 10/mm RBC, hematocrit of 32% and reticulocyte level of 1.5%, are collective indicators of an anemic status. Elevated heart and respiratory rates, increase in body temperature, and low blood pressure are positive indicators of reduced supply of oxygen in blood cells. There are different types of anemia; sickle cell, aplastic, iron deficiency anemia, pernicious and megaloblastic, all of which can only be distinguished on the basis of causative factors. All the above described cases clearly indicates that Ms. A is suffering from iron-deficiency anemia.
Rationale
According to the case study, Ms. A has been undergoing suffering from menorrhagia for a very long time, about 10-12 years. Menorrhagia is a condition characterized by excessive loss of menstrual flow. It is a prevalent gynecological issue among females experiencing bleeding disorders. With time, this condition can cause development of chronic iron deficiency anemia as a result of poorly managed menstrual flow and incidences relating to menorrhagia. High loss of blood is a major contributing factor to the development of iron deficiency anemia specifically among adults (DeLoughery, 2017). According to Ms. A’s case, she has been taking aspirin medicine every three to four hours especially during her menstrual period for round six days. She also consumes aspirin whenever she plays golf for reasons of preventing joint stiffening. Anti-inflammatory drugs and aspirin are classified under non-steroidal and are significant causes of gastrointestinal bleeding despite it being taken in relatively low doses. Ms. A is, therefore, a victim basing on the fact that she is an athlete who participates in golf activities every annual summer period.
All athletes undergo harsh training programs which, in most cases, affect young stars and females within the adolescent age leading to acquisition of iron deficiency anemia and whenever anemia predisposition is not undertaken. Expansion of red blood cell mass leads to acquisition of serum iron status. GIT bleeding is an additional causative factor due to loss of iron in blood (Longo & Camaschella, 2015). This case is clearly represented by Ms. A, since she uses aspirin on a regular basis yet it is a corrosive drug for relieving body pains during strenuous and demanding training exercises. Reduction in reticulocyte content of hemoglobin is a clear indication of iron-deficiency anemia in blood cells of Ms. A (Camaschella, 2015). The patient struggles to increase amount of oxygen flow to body cells yet the entire process is inhibited by elevated heart rate, low blood pressure, high body temperature and high respiratory rate.
Iron deficiency anemia often occurs when one’s body lacks adequate iron in cells for producing hemoglobin. Hemoglobin comprises the portion of red blood cells giving human blood its red color for enabling distribution of oxygenated blood to all body parts. Failure to consume enough iron leads to development of iron deficiency anemia due to lack of adequate hemoglobin. Examples of iron fortified foods for enhancement of proper growth and development include meat, leafy green vegetables and eggs (Pasricha et al., 2013). Women such as Ms. A, who have Menorrhagia, are always at a higher risk of developing iron deficient anemia since they lose a high amount of blood during menstruation. Finally, gastrointestinal bleeding is as a result of over-use or regular consumption of over-the-counter painkillers like aspirin which in this case was over consumed by Ms. A, hence her anemic condition.
References
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Camaschella, C. (2015). Iron-deficiency anemia. New England Journal of Medicine, 372(19), 1832-1843. DeLoughery, T. G. (2017). Iron deficiency anemia. Medical Clinics, 101(2), 319-332. Longo, D. L., & Camaschella, C. (2015). Iron-deficiency anemia. N Engl J Med, 372(19), 1832-1843. Pasricha, S. R., Drakesmith, H., Black, J., Hipgrave, D., & Biggs, B. A. (2013). Control of iron deficiency anemia in low-and middle-income countries. Blood, 121(14), 2607-2617.
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