Question
Creating Your Unique Value Proposition
The foundation of Applied Sport and Performance Psychology is built upon a theory-to-practice model. Given the importance of utilizing and applying theoretical concepts and research, while also balancing real-world experience, please address and discuss each of the following aspects outlined in Chapter 2 (Taylor, J. (Ed) (2015). Practice Development in Sport and Performance Psychology. Morgantown, WV. Fit Publishing. ISBN 9781935412922) :
1) Discuss two theories from your courses (Ethics in Sports Psychology, Psychopathology, Anxiety, Sport/Performance Psychology) that you deem foundational and critical to personal and group improvement in Sport and Performance Psychology.
2) Discuss how you can apply these two foundational theories into your own Performance Model for understanding and assessing presenting issues your client(s) discuss with you.
3) How do these two theories assist you in creating Systems of Intervention to assist clients in achieving progress towards the goals they would like to achieve.
4) Finally, how do these two theories impact you (a) on a personal level; and (b) assist in formulating your consulting style and interactions with clients in professional-client working relationships?
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| Subject | Psychology | Pages | 5 | Style | APA |
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Answer
The application of theory to practice is one of the foundations of applied sport and performance psychology. As such, practitioners in the field should apply various theoretical concepts and research to their clients’ problems while also striking a delicate balance with real-world experiences (Taylor, 2015). Theories assist sports psychologists in creating systems of interventions for their clients. Additionally, conceptual models can be used in the formation of an appropriate style of consultation and interaction with clients (Nitsch & Hackfort, 2016). The aim of this paper is to present a discussion of two theories from the course of sports and performance psychology which are vital in ensuring personal and group improvement in sports. Also, ways that the theories can assist an own performance model for both understanding and assessing issues presenting from a client will be discussed. Moreover, the ways that the theories selected can aid in the creation of systems of interaction to assist clients will be provided. Finally, the impact of the theories on a personal level and their assistance on the formulation of an appropriate consulting style will be conversed.
Discussion of Two Theories
Two theories from the courses which I deem foundational and vital to both personal and group improvement in the realm of sport and performance psychology are the drive theory and personality/trait theory. Notably, Bali (2015) asserts that the drive theory is pegged on the principle that each organism is born with specific psychological needs which require to be fulfilled. However, a failure to fulfill those needs can result in the creation of a negative state of tension. Though, with full satisfaction of such needs, a drive is reduced resulting in the organism returning to the original state of both relaxation and homeostasis. Trait theory, according to Laborde and Allen (2016), holds that people have certain inherent characteristics which affect their behavior and performance in both sporting and non-sporting situations. The theory categorizes people as introverts (shy and quiet) and extroverts (outgoing and loud) (Schiphof-Godart, Roelands, & Hettinga, 2018). The drive theory is vital for personal and group improvement as it enables participants in sports to identify their needs and hence satisfy them so that they can be relaxed and composed to realize optimum performance in sports. The trait theory, on the other hand, helps in the identification of the manner in which individuals will perform in sports based on whether they are introverts of extroverts.
Application of Theories to Own Performance Model
My own performance model focuses on the improvement of the sportspersons for them to perform at the highest possible level. As such, the focus of my model is on the improvement of individuals participants which will, in turn, improve team performance. The two theories of sports/performance psychology can be vital in my understanding and assessment of presenting issues that the clients will discuss with me. The drive theory can be applied to understand assess the fulfilled and unfilled needs of the client (Schiphof-Godart, Roelands, & Hettinga, 2018). Notably, since the presence of unfulfilled needs can lead to a state of tension, the drive model can be useful in assessing the needs which need to be fulfilled for the attainment of a state of balance and homeostasis. Additionally, I can use the trait theory to evaluate whether my client is an introvert or extrovert and hence determine the manner in which I will engage him/her. For instance, an introvert will be shy and quite as well as unwilling to share their problems and opinions (Laborde & Allen, 2016). As such, I will use an environment that suits such a client. However, an extrovert will reveal most of the problems and share opinions on the matter. Applying the two theories can lead to effective understanding and assessment of issues presented by a client in a discussion with a practitioner.
Role of Theories in Creating Systems of Intervention
The drive theory and trait theory can be vital in assisting me to create systems of intervention which can assist clients in the attainment of progress towards their personal and team goals. Using the drive theory can assist me to help my client establish the various unfulfilled as well as fulfilled needs. As such, the client will understand the importance of addressing those unfulfilled needs for the attainment of optimal performance (Nitsch & Hackfort, 2016). I will use the drive theory to advise my clients on the various issues which need to be addressed for them to achieve positive progress towards the achievement of their goals. Using the trait theory will be vital in advising my clients on the best interventions based on their personalities. In specific, for the introvert clients, I will use the trait theory to identify interventions which are suitable for shy and quiet clients who rarely share their opinions. However, for extroverts, I will use the trait theory to ensure that the systems of interventions used are compatible with their personality. As a result, using the theories can ensure that appropriate systems and intervention are applied to the clients’ problems.
Personal Impact of The Two Theories
On a personal level, the drive theory enables me to understand the various issues which result in tension and anxiety during sports. As such, the theory has an impact of increasing my understanding of the cause and ways of reducing anxiety before and during sports performance. The trait theory, on the other hand, enables me to deal with clients of different personalities. Personally, the theory makes me apply different levels of consultation and interaction with clients based on whether they are introverts or extroverts (Laborde, Guillén, & Mosley, 2016). In the formulation of my consulting style and the nature of interactions with clients in a professional-client working relationship, the drive theory assists me to apply strategies which would lead to a proper understanding and assessment of the problems presented by a client. Additionally, using the trait theory ensures that the style of consulting and interaction for people with different personalities are best suited for them.
In conclusion, conceptual models in the realm of sports and performance psychology can be vital in addressing issues in the real world and assisting clients to achieve optimal performance in their sports. The two theories which are foundational and critical in personal and group improvement are the drive theory and trait theory. Whereas the drive theory holds that unfulfilled needs for sports participants can lead to anxiety, the trait theory provides that the nature of sport chosen by an individual depends on their personalities; whether they are introverts of extroverts. The trait theory can be used in the assessment of whether a client is an introvert or extrovert and thus the best way to engage them and assist them to progress towards the attainment of their personal and group goals. Additionally, the drive theory can lead to the identification of the unfilled needs of clients which can cause anxiety and hence the best interventions to lead them towards the fulfillment of such needs and ultimately ensure high levels of performance.
References
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Bali, A. (2015). Psychological factors affecting sports performance. International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health, 1(6), 92-95. Laborde, S., & Allen, M. S. (2016). Personality-trait-like individual differences: much more than noise in the background for sport and exercise psychology. In Sport and exercise psychology research (pp. 201-210). Academic Press. Laborde, S., Guillén, F., & Mosley, E. (2016). Positive personality-trait-like individual differences in athletes from individual-and team sports and in non-athletes. Psychology of sport and exercise, 26, 9-13. Nitsch, J. R., & Hackfort, D. (2016). Theoretical framework of performance psychology: An action theory perspective. In Performance Psychology (pp. 11-29). Academic Press. Schiphof-Godart, L., Roelands, B., & Hettinga, F. J. (2018). Drive in sports: how mental fatigue affects endurance performance. Frontiers in psychology, 9. Taylor, J. (2015). Practice Development in Sport and Performance Psychology. Morgantown, WV. Fit Publishing. ISBN 9781935412922.
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