Critique of Research Study

Answer

Critique of Research Study

The quality of research is dependent on various factors such as reliability, validity, and consistency from the background to the results and recommendations. In quality and reliable studies, the background informs the objectives which further determines the methodology (Heale & Twycross, 2015). Two main methodologies exist which include qualitative and quantitative. The combination of the two, referred as mixed, is complex but credited for producing more credible results. This paper critiques two studies, one by Edelman et al. (2015) and the other by Hayward, Bungay, Wolff, and MacDonald (2016). Key aspects included in the critique are results, data analysis, validity and reliability, findings interpretation, recommendations and implications, presentation, credibility, and summary.

Quantitative

Edelman, D., Dolor, R. J., Coffman, C. J., Pereira, K. C., Granger, B. B., Lindquist, J. H., & Bosworth, H. B. (2015). Nurse-led behavioral management of diabetes and hypertension in community practices: a randomized trial. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 30(5), 626-633.

This study by Edelman et al. (2015) purposed to evaluate the nurse behavioral management effectiveness among patients with both Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension for patients in community practice. The study used single-blinded randomized controlled trial in the patient level context. 377 individuals were enrolled for the study where 193 were randomized while 184 were in the control group. Outcomes evaluation entailed BP and A1c using standard approaches. A1c was measured through fingerstick of a validated A1c machine point of care. The BP, on the other hand, was measured during every visit. Two measures at 5-min interval were taken and averaged. Other measured aspects in the secondary category were physical activity and weight. Covariates included race, age, ethnicity, education, and gender among other aspects.

Results of the study

SBP and A1c were the same between arms at the end of 24 months. In addition, no difference in A1c mean at 6 months. Estimated variation was largest for SBP at 6 months. Interclass correlation coefficients were 0.002 and 0.008 for SBP and A1C respectively. For the secondary outcomes, no significant variation was revealed in weight, DBP, and physical activity in the 24 months.

Data Analysis

The analysis was comprehensive and conformed with the methodology and objectives. Power and size considerations were binary and longitudinal. Estimates of the sample size were centered on the hypothesis. The participants were evaluated in the assigned groups regardless of their participation in the intervention calls. Statistical analyses entailed SAS for Windows. Linear mixed models were used for primary analysis. The final model involved stratification variable for SBP

Reliability and Validity

Square root transformation was used for sensitivity analysis. Both A1c and BP evaluations had a 95% Confidence Interval. Reliability of the study is further centered on a large study population and measurements on three intervals of 6, 12, and 24 months.

Discussion

Interpretation of Findings

Based on the results, objective and hypothesis, the study demonstrated the coexistence of challenges related to translating chronic illnesses management strategies to community practices and the scientific evaluation of the translation. Also concluded is that the care management plan involving telephone nurse did not enhance SBP or A1c.

Implications/Recommendation

Future studies should commence with potent interventions such as frequent contact to allow for measuring the effects despite the loss of potency in the translation. In addition, future research may need to increase the sample size to allow for the detection of small effects in the diverse statistical settings.

Global Issue

The central issue of concern in this study was the nurse telephone case management efficacy for individuals with both hypertension and diabetes mellitus type II.

Presentation

The study is structured systematically from the introduction to the conclusion. All details are presented in a coherent manner. Major sections and subsections are used and stated which is critical in effective presentation of the findings and methodology.

Research Credibility

All sources used are provided. Ethical aspects of the research are also upheld by maintaining patient consent and desisting from sharing the participant’s personal details.

Summary Assessment

The quality of this study is reflected in the structure, comprehensive methodology, presentation of the results, and linking the different sections from the introduction to the conclusion. Further, all used sources are acknowledged and results are presented in narrative, figures and tables which enhance the presentability. Although the strengths and weaknesses are presented, the conclusion and recommendation sections are integrated into the discussion which is a major limitation, especially to the reader.

Qualitative Study

Hayward, D., Bungay, V., Wolff, A. C., & MacDonald, V. (2016). A qualitative study of experienced nurses' voluntary turnover: learning from their perspectives. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 25(9-10), 1336-1345.

This qualitative study aimed at examining the factors that contribute to experienced nurses’ turnover, such as their decision for leaving their current practice settings and seeking an alternative source of employment.

Results of the Study

The study design entailed interpretive approach. Data collection approach was through interviewing with 12 Registered Nurses (RNs). The estimated average duration of practice was 16 years. Equality was ensured by the representatives in different acute settings. Measured outcomes included point-of-care nurses’ perspectives and nursing practitioners in leadership responsibilities. Also examined were clinical nurse educators and primary charge nurses.

Data Analysis

Analysis followed inductive analytic approach to establish the patterns in the nurses’ experiences to profoundly understand the personal and social context within the clinical setting. The analysis was performed throughout the information collection period which included responses to the interview questions and reflections. Audio-taped interviews were also compared with the findings.

Theoretical integrations

Thome’s (2008) inductive analytic approach was used. This aided in determining the unique aspects of the respondents’ personal and social contexts.

Discussion

Interpretation of the findings

Various factors influenced the nurses’ decision to leave their practice setting. This was related to the personal and environmental factors including high workload, patient acuity, poor working relationships between the healthcare providers, and leadership gaps. Stress was also established as a critical challenge among these individuals.

Implications/Recommendations

Healthcare organizations are required to understand effective strategies to reduce turnover while retaining the experienced nurses in acute settings. This is tied with ensuring quality in care and reducing costs associated with turn over. In addition, the study demonstrates the importance of promoting collaborative practice, reducing work stress, and enhancing supportive leadership.

Global Issue

This study focused on workforce turnover among nurses which is a critical issue in medical facilities based on financial and quality implications.

Presentation

The study is structured in various sections and subsections which presents concepts and ideas in a logical and coherent manner. All essential sections of research are also provided which enhances the understanding of a reader to the key facts and details.

Researcher Credibility

The researchers are described by their speciality and practice settings including hospitals and learning institutions. Further, contact email is provided for verification. The credibility of the research is also demonstrated by the quality of resources which are also presented.

Summary Assessment

The quality of the study is reflected in the flow of ideas and concepts from the introduction to the conclusion. The research aim informs the methodology which aids in establishing data for analysis and drawing conclusion. The provision of strengths, limitations, relevance to clinical practice and future areas of study further promotes the study quality.