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What is distinctive and what is shared by the ancient complex societies of Egypt and Mesoamerica? How would you explain the similarities you see? What could account for the differences you note?
To answer these questions effectively you will need to consider geography and environment, economic developments, social structures, political arrangements, and cultural ideas and interactions, among other things.
Your answer should be around 2000 words double-spaced with one-inch margins).
You can cite Epic of Gilgamesh any peer reviewed articles and Traditions and Encounters textbook by Jerry H. Bentley (ISBN10 0077504909. ) as well.

Sample Solution

The ancient complex societies of Egypt and Mesoamerica share many common traits, including the development of agriculture, writing systems, urbanism, complex political systems with class divisions, and organized religions. They also both developed large-scale construction projects such as temples and monuments.

The similarities between these two societies can be explained by their cultural diffusion through trade networks as well as natural processes such as climate change or migration. Increased contact between different cultures is likely to lead to cultural exchange which could explain why these two civilizations shared so many features despite being geographically distant from one another.

 

Sample Solution

The ancient complex societies of Egypt and Mesoamerica share many common traits, including the development of agriculture, writing systems, urbanism, complex political systems with class divisions, and organized religions. They also both developed large-scale construction projects such as temples and monuments.

The similarities between these two societies can be explained by their cultural diffusion through trade networks as well as natural processes such as climate change or migration. Increased contact between different cultures is likely to lead to cultural exchange which could explain why these two civilizations shared so many features despite being geographically distant from one another.

 

In Heape’s (1900) publication, the term estrus was first used. Estrus defined as the special period of sexual desire in the female. A Greek word oistros which means madness or frenzy has been adapted into Estrus which refers to the period of heat or sexual receptivity (Goldman et al., 2007). By making the Estrus as a base word, Heape (1900) defined the rest of the stages as proestrus, metestrus and diestrus.

In Goldman et al. (2007) and Westwood (2008), the authors documented that morphological changes in ovaries, uterus and vagina, characterized the stages of estrous cycle. In proestrus stage, an animal is coming into heat while in metestrus is a short period where conception is absent and diestrus is a period of short rest where reproductive tracts prepare for receipt of the ovum (Heape, 1900). The ovulation occurs from the start of proestrus stage to the end of estrus stage (Young et al., 1941; Schwarts. 1964). The mean cycle length in the female rat is 4 days, predicted from the onset of sexual maturity up to the age of 12 months (Long & Evans, 1922; Freeman, 1988).

The proestrus and estrus phases last for 12 hours respectively while metestrus lasts for 21 hours and diestrus lasts for 57 hours (Paccola et al., 2013). However, Long and Evans (1922) classified the estrous cycle in five phases. The phases are termed as proestrus, estrus, metestrus I, metestrus II and diestrus (Gronroos & Kaupilla, 1959). Lasted about 15- 18 hours, the stage of metestrus I was also known as early metestrus while metestrus II or known as late metestrus lasts for 6 hours (Hebel & Stromberg, 1986). Maeda et al. (2000) and Westwood (2008) recorded the cycle has also been divided into 5 phases as proestrus, estrus, diestrus I or metestrus, and diestrus II. In a 4- day cycle and 5- day cycle, diestrus lasts for 2 days (dies

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