QUESTION
Forecasting AMD and Intel
JWI 531 Finance II Assignment 3Template
HOW TO USE THIS TEMPLATE:
This is a template and checklist corresponding to your Assignment 3 paper: Forecasting. See below for an explanation of the color-coding in this template:
- All green text includes instructions to support your writing. You should delete all green text before submitting your final paper.
- All blue text indicates areas where you need to replace text with your own information. Replace the blue text with your own words in black.
- Headings and subheadings are written in black, bold type. Keep these in your paper.
TIPS:
- Write in the third person, using “he” or “she” or “they”, or using specific names. Do not use the second person “you”.
- The body of this paper has one-inch margins and uses a professional font (size 10-12); we recommend Arial or Times New Roman fonts.
- The Assignment template is already formatted with all needed specifications like margins, appropriate font, and double spacing.
- Before submitting your paper, use Grammarly to check for punctuation and usage errors and make the required corrections. Then read aloud to edit for tone and flow.
- You should also run your paper through SafeAssign to ensure that it meets the required standards for originality.
FINALIZING YOUR PAPER
Your submission should be a maximum of 4 pages in length. The page count does not include the Cover Page at the beginning and the References page at the end. The final paper that you submit for grading should be in black text only with all remaining green text and blue text removed.
Assignment 3: Forecasting
Author’s Name
Jack Welch Management Institute
Professor’s Name
JWI 531
Date
Introduction
An Introduction should be succinct and to the point. Start your Introduction with a general and brief observation about the paper’s topic. Write a thesis statement, which is the “road map” for your paper – it helps your reader to navigate your work. In your thesis statement, be specific about the major areas you plan to address in your paper.
The headings below should guide your introduction, since they identify the topics to be addressed in your paper. The introduction is not a graded part of your rubric but it helps your reader to understand what your assignment will be about. We recommend that you write this part of your Introduction after you complete the other sections of your paper. It only needs to be one paragraph in length.
Analysis and Recommendations
You must answer each of the following questions in your paper. Keep your responses focused on the topic. Straying off into additional areas, even if they are interesting, will not earn additional marks, and may actually detract from the clarity of your responses.
- Which metrics/trends are most critical for forecasting future performance and for budgeting? To answer this, you must include an analysis of both past trend performance AND the applicability and reliability of key forecast indicators. In your response, consider:
- Which company has the stronger income statement? Explain.
- Which company has the stronger cash flows? Explain.
- Which company has the stronger operating performance? Explain.
In developing your response, use the three sub-questions (a, b and c) to guide you. In fact, you may want to draft your answers for these questions before you write your opening. Your answer to the all three questions and your opening statement should take one or two paragraphs. Make sure that you explain your rationale for each of three questions. It is not enough to just name the company and move on.
- Why are the metrics/trends in the data sets above so critical? How reliable are they as predictors of future performance?
For the second question, our focus is on the quality and usefulness of the data. Pay attention to both parts of the question. Your response must address:
- WHY these metrics/trend are particularly important to forecasting and budgeting – there is little value in overanalyzing trivial metrics
- How consistent the trends have been – generally speaking, the less variance in the trend, the more reliable a predictor it is
Given that most companies have hundreds of data sets that could be analyzed, explain why these particular data sets are the ones to focus on in forecasting. Be sure you include references to the analysts’ reports, the 10-Ks, and your course materials. Your answer should take two paragraphs.
- Based on the data you have analyzed, which metrics would you focus on to improve the performance of the weaker company against the stronger one? Why
- How would you do this? What specific financial tools would you apply? Why?
- What would “realistic” improvement look like?
- How would you measure success?
As in previous assignments, the questions now shift from analysis to recommendation. Your response will require a brief opening statement to explain what metrics you would focus on and why to improve the performance of the weaker company against the stronger one. Be sure that you stay focused on this. You do not have to develop a financial strategy for both companies, only the weaker one. Your answer should, therefore, briefly restate which company you believe has the weaker performance, and then respond to each of the three sub-bullets in relation to that company only. As guidance, see the tips for each question below:
- Make sure you reference specific financial tools covered in the course and explain how you would use them. Saying something like, “I would reduce operating expenses in order to increase cash flow” is far too vague to have any value as a strategy.
- Do not make outrageous claims for improvement. You must justify how your actions can drive results. There must be a clear connection between the financial levers you can pull and the outcomes they will produce.
- Finally, be clear on how you will define success. It may not always be about growth or profits. It may be about protecting the company against a major setback. Make your success metrics as specific and measurable as you can.
- If you were given the opportunity to join either of these two companies as the new CFO, which one would you pick and why? In considering your answer to this question, the majority of your compensation plan will be tied to the improvements you can help to drive. Therefore, you should not base your decision on which company is currently performing better, but on which company’s performance – and valuation – has the greatest potential for growth.
Your answer to this question should take a short paragraph of 3 to 4 sentences. Stay focused on the core question – which is improvement. It is fine to pick either company. There is no right or wrong answer here, but you must be clear about which company you would choose and explain why this is the one you could have the greatest impact on.
References
Use the information below to format your in-text citations correctly. Note how the source number connects each citation with the References list on the last page of your paper.
For more citation examples and a sample References page, see the Sample Professional Paper and the JWMI Writing Standards Guide. You can find both these documents in the Course Documents menu item in your Blackboard course.
In-Text Citations
Within the body of your paper, when concepts from specific sources are used, a citation with the author’s last name and the number of the citation in your References list is required: e.g., (Welch, 1). This is called an in-text citation. See below for two examples:
“Leadership is about helping other people grow and succeed” (Welch, 1).
In this example, notice the placement of quotation marks, cited text, and the period after the citation. The number 1 corresponds to the first entry on your References page.
When the reader looks at the References page, they should see the Welch book Winning listed as source number one (1). It is number 1 because it is the first source used in the paper, and throughout the paper this source will continue to be referred to as (1).
If the next source you use in your paper is Bragg, then your citation is (Bragg, 2). If you then refer to Jack’s ideas again later in the paper, he remains (Welch, 1) because it is the first source used in the paper, and throughout the paper this source will continue to be referred to as (1).
Linking Citations with your References Page
At the end of your paper, include a page with a list of all your references. It must include an entry for every source that you have cited or quoted in your paper.
The format of the references list varies by source type. There are examples of different source types in the sample References page at the end of this document. You may also refer to the Sample Professional Paper and/or the JWMI Writing Standards Guide. You can find both these documents in the Course Documents menu item in your Blackboard course.
Quotations
Originality is an important aspect of graduate writing. To ensure original thinking and avoid plagiarism, you should keep direct quotation to a minimum. Generally, keep your quotes to 25 words or less, and no more than 1-2 sentences. See below for an example of a direct quotation:
“Leadership is about helping other people grow and succeed” (Welch, 1).
In this example, notice the placement of quotation marks, cited text, and the period after the citation. The number 1 corresponds to the first entry on our References page.
Paraphrasing
When you paraphrase, you put the information from another writer in your own words. This is much preferable to quoting, as it shows your understanding of the material. In this case, you should use in-text citation, but quotation marks are not required. See below for an example of paraphrasing:
In his Rule 3, Welch says that strong leaders display an impression of vitality and confidence (1).
Since the author’s name was used in the sentence, we do not need to include it again in the parentheses, so we just provide the Reference number, which is (1).
Subject | Economics | Pages | 6 | Style | APA |
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Answer
JWI 531 Finance II Assignment 3Template
Introduction
The paper is an analysis of the financial metrics which are useful in forecasting the financial performance of an entity. The paper focuses specifically on Intel Corp and Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.(AMD) for 2018, 2019 and 2020. Intel Corp is one of the largest chip makers in the world which designs and manufactures microprocessors for the manufacture of personal computers (Intel Annual report, 2020) whereas Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.(AMD) is involved in designing and producing microprocessors for industries that manufacture computers as well as consumer electronics. Both companies have their headquarters in Santa Clara, California in the United States (Intel Annual report, 2020; AMD Form 10-Q, 2020). Forecasting is useful in determining the financial success of a company. It ensures an entity provides a return to investors, reports profit every year, maintains a healthy balance sheet and a healthy cash flow position (Oakley, 2020).
Analysis and Recommendations
- The company with a stronger income statement
Trend performance for 2018 and 2019 is shown in the table below.
Intel |
AMD |
|||||
Income Statement |
FY2018 |
FY2019 |
FY2020 |
FY2018 |
FY2019 |
FY2020 |
Revenue ($Billions) |
70.85 |
71.97 |
77.87 |
6.48 |
6.73 |
9.76 |
Gross margin |
43.74 |
42.64 |
43.61 |
2.45 |
2.87 |
4.35 |
Net Income ($Billions) |
21.05 |
21.05 |
20.9 |
0.34 |
0.34 |
2.49 |
Gross Margin % |
61.73% |
58.56% |
56.00% |
37.79% |
42.61% |
44.57% |
Net Margin % |
29.72% |
29.25% |
26.84% |
5.20% |
5.09% |
25.51% |
Intel reported a gross margin of 61.73%, 58.56% and 56.00% in 2018,2019 and 2020 whereas AMD reported a gross margin of 37.79%, 42.61% and 44.57% in 2018, 2019 2020 respectively implying that Intel performed better. Intel reported a net margin of 29.72%, 29.25% and 26.84% in 2018, 2019 and 2020 respectively which was better than AMD. Intel was hence more efficient in controlling its expenses. Intel reported higher revenues and net income than AMD. Intel Corp therefore has a stronger income statement (Korol, 2018).
- The company with stronger cash flows
Comparative extracts from cash flow statements of Intel and AMD are shown in the table below.
Intel |
AMD |
|||||
Cash flow statement |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
In($billions) |
In($billions) |
|||||
Net cash from operating activities |
29.43 |
33.15 |
35.38 |
0.03 |
0.49 |
1.07 |
Net cash used for investing activities |
11.24 |
14.41 |
20.8 |
0.17 |
0.15 |
0.95 |
Net cash used for financing activities |
18.61 |
17.57 |
12.92 |
0.03 |
0.04 |
0.01 |
Cash at end of the year |
3.02 |
4.19 |
5.87 |
1.08 |
1.47 |
1.60 |
Current liabilities |
16.63 |
22.31 |
24.75 |
1.98 |
2.36 |
2.42 |
Cash ratio |
0.18 |
0.19 |
0.24 |
0.55 |
0.62 |
0.66 |
The above table shows that Intel Corp generated more cash from its operating activities and at year end than AMD in 2018, 2019 and 2020. Nevertheless, Intel had lower cash ratio than AMD indicating that AMD had more cash to pay for every dollar it was owed in current liabilities. That notwithstanding, Intel has stronger cash flows than AMD as it was holding more cash at end of each year and generated more cash from operations. Intel also used more cash in its financing and investing activities than AMD in 2018, 2019 and 2020(Korol, 2018).
- The company with stronger operating performance
Intel |
AMD |
|||||
Financial Year |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
Operating Performance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating Margin % |
32.81% |
31.17% |
30.41% |
6.97% |
9.37% |
14.04% |
Days Sales Outstanding |
31.76 |
36.47 |
31.78 |
46.08 |
83.89 |
77.41 |
Days Inventory |
95.83 |
97.89 |
89.81 |
71.77 |
86.31 |
94.28 |
Days Payables |
45.45 |
48.66 |
59.45 |
41.32 |
71.62 |
31.65 |
Receivables Turnover |
11.49 |
10.01 |
11.49 |
7.92 |
4.35 |
4.71 |
Inventory Turnover |
3.81 |
3.73 |
4.06 |
5.09 |
4.23 |
6.97 |
The table above shows that Intel reported a higher operating margin and was more efficient in collecting its debtors than AMD as shown by days’ sales outstanding. Intel took fewer days to collect its accounts receivables than AMD as Intel took 31.76 days, 36.47 days and 31.78 days in 2018, 2019 and 2020. Days inventory measures the number of days that a company holds inventory before selling it. Intel took 94.51 days on average to sell its inventory while AMD took 84.12 days hence AMD was more efficient (Korol, 2018). On average, Intel was better as it took 51.19 days to pay its creditors during the three years while AMD took 48.20 days. A company with more days’ payable is more efficient. According to inventory turnover ratio AMD was more efficient as its sold its inventory more times. A company that is able to sell its inventory many times in a given financial period is more efficient (Korol, 2018). According to the table above AMD was more efficient than Intel when operations are measured using days’ inventory and inventory turnover ratios. However, when operational performance is measured using operating margin, days sales outstanding, days payables and receivables turnover, Intel was more efficient. Intel therefore has stronger operating performance (Oakley, 2020).
- Why the metrics/trends in the data sets above are critical and their reliability as predictors
Gross margin and net margin are useful in forecasting the ability of an organization to generate profits and hence provide a return for shareholders. These metrics measure its ability to control costs and expenses to return a profit. Cash ratio, cash generated from operations and cash at the end of the year are metrics that are useful in forecasting financial performance. They determine the ability to meet short term obligations (Myšková & Hájek, 2017). Operating margin measures the viability of an organization from an operating level and it measures its ability to mitigate business risks to return a profit. Days Sales Outstanding, Days Inventory, Days Payables, receivables turnover and inventory turnover measure the efficiency of an entity to collects its receivables, sale its finished goods and negotiate with suppliers to obtain favorable credit days. These ratios affect the cash and working capital position and extend of external financing required. The metrics are reliable as predictors as they have been fairly consistent and determine the trend performance overtime (Myšková & Hájek, 2017).
- Metrics to focus on to improve performance of AMD Against intel
- The specific financial tools which would be applied
Based on data analyzed, the metrics which should be focused on to improve performance for AMD, the weaker company, are gross margin, operating margin, days sales outstanding, days payables and receivables turnover. Gross margin determines the amount of revenue that remains after paying direct costs to pay other expenses (Myšková & Hájek, 2017). The next metric is operating margin as it determines the ability of a company to mitigate business risks facing the it. Days sales outstanding and receivables turnover should be focused as they affect working capital directly. Days’ payables determine the ability of the company to maintain a healthy working capital position to finance its operations (Myšková & Hájek, 2017).
- What “realistic” improvement would look like
A realistic improvement would involve implementing strategies which improve them. The company should recruit more suppliers to push the cost of inputs down to improve the gross profit margin. It should implement cost cutting strategies to improve its operating margin. To improve the days’ sales outstanding and receivables turnover the company should prepare a credit policy which guides credit practices (Korol, 2018). The credit policy should provide a vetting criteria for customers to ensure only those able to pay within the company’s desired debtor days are sold goods on credit. Days’ payables can only be improved by increasing the number of suppliers as the company will be able to negotiate for better credit terms (Oakley, 2020).
- How success should be measured
To measure success, it will be critical to measure gross margin and net margin, operating margin, cash flows from operations and at end of the year and the efficiency ratios outlined herein such as days’ sales outstanding, days payables and receivables turnover at the end of each financial year. For AMD gross margin, net margin and operating margin should be higher than what was reported in similar periods the previous year (Korol, 2018).
- An explanation on the company a new CFO would you pick
The best company to work for as a new CFO is AMD as it offers more opportunities to make a lasting impact on the financial performance of the company. The new CFO will have an opportunity to prepare policies which will assist the company to manage its receivables and payables and ultimately ensure the company maintains healthy cash flows in future (Korol, 2018). The new CFO will also be able to play a role in preparing a supplier management policy which will ensure only suppliers who can give longer credit days are engaged by the company. The CFO will be able to transform the financial performance in AMD than in Intel (Myšková & Hájek, 2017).
REFERENCES
AMD Form 10-Q. (2020). Retrieved from https://ir.amd.com/sec-filings/content/0001628280-21-
001185/0001628280-21-001185.pdf
Intel Annual report. (2020). Retrieved from https://www.intc.com/filings-reports/annual-
reports/content/0000050863-20-000011/0000050863-20-000011.pdf
Korol, T. (2018). The implementation of fuzzy logic in forecasting financial
ratios. Contemporary Economics, 12(2), 165-188. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.5709/ce.1897-9254.270
Myšková, R., & Hájek, P. (2017). Comprehensive assessment of firm financial performance
using financial ratios and linguistic analysis of annual reports. Journal of International Studies, 10(4) doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2017/10-4/7
Oakley, P. (2020). Has intel’s competitive advantage gone for good? Investors Chronicle, , 58.
Retrieved from https://www.proquest.com/trade-journals/has-intels-competitive-advantage-gone-good/docview/2445670143/se-2?accountid=45049
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