HESI A2 Anatomy & Physiology Sample Questions
- What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
a) Transport nutrients to cells
b) Regulate body temperature
c) Exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide
d) Filter blood
Explanation: The respiratory system facilitates gas exchange, delivering oxygen to the bloodstream and removing carbon dioxide from the body.
- Which bone is commonly known as the collarbone?
a) Scapula
b) Clavicle
c) Sternum
d) Humerus
Explanation: The clavicle is a long bone connecting the shoulder to the sternum, commonly referred to as the collarbone.
- Which type of muscle tissue is under voluntary control?
a) Cardiac
b) Smooth
c) Skeletal
d) Involuntary
Explanation: Skeletal muscle is controlled consciously, allowing voluntary movements like walking or lifting.
- What is the primary source of energy for muscle contraction?
a) Glucose
b) ATP
c) Oxygen
d) Calcium
Explanation: ATP (adenosine triphosphate) provides the immediate energy required for muscle fibers to contract.
- Which part of the brain regulates balance and coordination?
a) Cerebrum
b) Cerebellum
c) Medulla oblongata
d) Hypothalamus
Explanation: The cerebellum, located at the back of the brain, controls balance, coordination, and fine motor skills.
- What is the functional unit of the kidney?
a) Alveolus
b) Nephron
c) Neuron
d) Glomerulus
Explanation: The nephron is the microscopic unit in the kidney responsible for filtering blood and forming urine.
- Which hormone regulates blood sugar levels?
a) Thyroxine
b) Adrenaline
c) Insulin
d) Cortisol
Explanation: Insulin, produced by the pancreas, lowers blood glucose by facilitating its uptake into cells.
- Which chamber of the heart pumps blood into the aorta?
a) Right atrium
b) Right ventricle
c) Left ventricle
d) Left atrium
Explanation: The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta for distribution throughout the body.
- What type of joint is the elbow?
a) Ball-and-socket
b) Hinge
c) Pivot
d) Gliding
Explanation: The elbow is a hinge joint, allowing movement in one plane, like bending and straightening.
- Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
a) Veins
b) Capillaries
c) Arteries
d) Venules
Explanation: Arteries carry oxygenated blood (except pulmonary arteries) away from the heart to tissues.
- What is the role of the epiglottis?
a) Produce saliva
b) Prevent food from entering the trachea
c) Secrete digestive enzymes
d) Filter air
Explanation: The epiglottis is a flap that covers the trachea during swallowing to prevent food or liquid from entering.
- Which part of a neuron transmits impulses away from the cell body?
a) Dendrite
b) Axon
c) Soma
d) Synapse
Explanation: The axon carries electrical impulses away from the neuron’s cell body to other neurons or muscles.
- What is the primary function of red blood cells?
a) Fight infection
b) Transport oxygen
c) Clot blood
d) Produce antibodies
Explanation: Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds and transports oxygen to tissues.
- Which organ is primarily responsible for detoxifying the blood?
a) Kidney
b) Liver
c) Spleen
d) Pancreas
Explanation: The liver filters and detoxifies blood, metabolizing drugs and toxins.
- What is the outermost layer of the skin?
a) Dermis
b) Epidermis
c) Hypodermis
d) Subcutaneous layer
Explanation: The epidermis is the outermost skin layer, providing a protective barrier.
- Which gland is known as the "master gland" of the endocrine system?
a) Thyroid
b) Adrenal
c) Pituitary
d) Pancreas
Explanation: The pituitary gland regulates other endocrine glands and controls growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
- What structure connects bones to muscles?
a) Ligament
b) Tendon
c) Cartilage
d) Fascia
Explanation: Tendons are tough connective tissues that attach muscles to bones.
- Which part of the digestive system absorbs the most nutrients?
a) Stomach
b) Small intestine
c) Large intestine
d) Esophagus
Explanation: The small intestine’s large surface area, due to villi, maximizes nutrient absorption.
- What is the role of the diaphragm in breathing?
a) Filters air
b) Contracts to expand the chest cavity
c) Produces mucus
d) Warms incoming air
Explanation: The diaphragm contracts to increase chest volume, allowing air to enter the lungs.
- Which type of tissue connects and supports other tissues?
a) Epithelial
b) Connective
c) Muscle
d) Nervous
Explanation: Connective tissue, like tendons and ligaments, supports and binds other tissues.
- What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?
a) Circulate blood
b) Maintain fluid balance and immunity
c) Digest fats
d) Produce hormones
Explanation: The lymphatic system returns excess fluid to the bloodstream and supports immune responses. - Which bone forms the back of the skull?
a) Frontal
b) Occipital
c) Parietal
d) Temporal
Explanation: The occipital bone forms the posterior part of the skull and protects the brain.
- What is the role of the thyroid gland?
a) Regulate blood pressure
b) Control metabolism
c) Produce insulin
d) Store calcium
Explanation: The thyroid gland secretes hormones like thyroxine that regulate metabolic rate.
- Which structure in the eye focuses light onto the retina?
a) Cornea
b) Lens
c) Iris
d) Pupil
Explanation: The lens adjusts its shape to focus light rays onto the retina for clear vision.
- What is the primary function of the pancreas in digestion?
a) Break down proteins
b) Produce digestive enzymes and insulin
c) Absorb nutrients
d) Store bile
Explanation: The pancreas produces enzymes for digestion and insulin for blood sugar regulation.
[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built="1" fullwidth="on" _builder_version="4.9.3" _module_preset="default"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title="GET YOUR PROCTORED EXAM DONE FOR YOU SEAMLESSLY BY OUR EXPERT TEAM, UNDETECTED TODAY AT AN AFFORDABLE PRICE." button_one_text="Click Here" button_one_url="https://academiascholars.com/wgu-fast-track-service/" _builder_version="4.9.3" _module_preset="default"]
Are you currently in session at Western Governors University, and you're stuck with your exams, or even writing the long papers? We're here for you. Let's take full control of that course and see yourself graduating in less than 6 months. We promise nothing less than exemplary in your scores, and here's the kicker: We're completely undetectable!
Reach us on any of the following channels:
- Discord Server - https://discord.gg/38d7A4VJea
- WhatsApp: https://wa.me/+19178105386
- Call/SMS: +19178105386
- Website: Academiascholars.com
- Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/Homewrkdomain/
- Email: [email protected]