HESI LPN Exit Exam Sample Questions
Fundamentals of Nursing
- A client is admitted with dehydration. Which assessment finding should the LPN report to the RN immediately?
a) Dry mucous membranes
b) Decreased urine output
c) Heart rate of 120 beats per minute
d) Skin tenting on the forearm - The LPN is teaching a client about proper body mechanics. Which statement by the client indicates understanding?
a) "I should lift heavy objects with my arms extended."
b) "I should bend at my knees when lifting objects."
c) "I should twist my torso to reach objects."
d) "I should carry heavy items away from my body." - When performing a sterile dressing change, the LPN accidentally touches the edge of the sterile field with a non-sterile glove. What should the LPN do?
a) Continue the procedure and document the error
b) Stop the procedure and set up a new sterile field
c) Replace only the contaminated glove
d) Ignore the error since it was minor - A client is on contact precautions for MRSA. Which action by the LPN is most appropriate?
a) Wear gloves only during direct care
b) Wear a gown and gloves when entering the room
c) Use alcohol-based hand sanitizer before entering
d) Remove PPE inside the client’s room - The LPN is assisting a client with ambulation. The client becomes dizzy and begins to fall. What is the LPN’s priority action?
a) Ease the client gently to the floor
b) Call for help before assisting
c) Hold the client upright to prevent falling
d) Release the client and step back
Medical-Surgical Nursing
- A client with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which finding indicates the medication is effective?
a) Increased blood pressure
b) Decreased edema in the legs
c) Increased heart rate
d) Decreased oxygen saturation - The LPN is caring for a client with a new colostomy. Which observation requires immediate intervention?
a) Small amount of mucus in the stool
b) Dusky-colored stoma
c) Loose, watery stool
d) Mild skin irritation around the stoma - A client with diabetes mellitus reports feeling shaky and sweaty. What is the LPN’s first action?
a) Check the client’s blood glucose level
b) Administer insulin as prescribed
c) Offer the client a high-protein snack
d) Notify the healthcare provider - A client is postoperative day 1 after a cholecystectomy. Which finding should the LPN report to the RN?
a) Clear liquid diet tolerated
b) Temperature of 101.2°F (38.4°C)
c) Mild incisional pain
d) Urine output of 50 mL/hour - A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is receiving oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula. Which assessment finding is most concerning?
a) Respiratory rate of 18 breaths per minute
b) Oxygen saturation of 88%
c) Use of accessory muscles
d) Productive cough with yellow sputum - The LPN is monitoring a client receiving a blood transfusion. Which symptom suggests a transfusion reaction?
a) Blood pressure of 120/80 mmHg
b) Sudden chills and fever
c) Mild itching at the IV site
d) Increased urine output - A client with pneumonia is prescribed azithromycin. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
a) "I will take this medication with food."
b) "I can stop taking this once I feel better."
c) "I should report any hearing changes."
d) "I will finish the entire prescription." - The LPN is caring for a client with a fractured femur. Which intervention is most important to prevent complications?
a) Assess neurovascular status every 2 hours
b) Encourage deep breathing exercises
c) Administer pain medication as needed
d) Apply ice packs to the fracture site - A client with hypertension is prescribed lisinopril. Which side effect should the LPN monitor for?
a) Hyperglycemia
b) Persistent dry cough
c) Increased appetite
d) Constipation - The LPN is assessing a client with suspected appendicitis. Which finding should be reported immediately?
a) Mild nausea
b) Rebound tenderness in the right lower quadrant
c) Temperature of 99.5°F (37.5°C)
d) Decreased appetite
Pharmacology
- The LPN is administering digoxin to a client. Which laboratory value should the LPN check before administration?
a) Sodium level
b) Potassium level
c) Calcium level
d) Magnesium level - A client is prescribed warfarin. Which food should the LPN instruct the client to limit?
a) Apples
b) Spinach
c) Chicken
d) Rice - The LPN is preparing to administer insulin glargine. When is the best time to administer this medication?
a) 30 minutes before breakfast
b) At bedtime
c) With lunch
d) After dinner - A client is receiving heparin therapy. Which laboratory value should the LPN monitor?
a) Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
b) International normalized ratio (INR)
c) Platelet count
d) Prothrombin time (PT) - The LPN is teaching a client about metformin. Which statement by the client indicates understanding?
a) "I should take this medication with meals."
b) "I can take this medication at bedtime only."
c) "I should avoid carbohydrates while on this drug."
d) "I will stop this medication if I feel better." - A client is prescribed albuterol via inhaler. What is the primary purpose of this medication?
a) Reduce inflammation
b) Relieve bronchospasm
c) Thin respiratory secretions
d) Prevent infection - The LPN is administering morphine to a client. Which adverse effect should the LPN monitor for?
a) Hypertension
b) Respiratory depression
c) Hyperglycemia
d) Increased appetite - A client is prescribed prednisone. Which instruction should the LPN provide?
a) Take the medication on an empty stomach
b) Take the medication with food
c) Stop the medication abruptly if side effects occur
d) Take the medication at bedtime - The LPN is administering a medication via intramuscular (IM) injection. Which site is most appropriate for an adult client?
a) Deltoid
b) Ventrogluteal
c) Vastus lateralis
d) Dorsogluteal - A client is prescribed levothyroxine. Which symptom suggests the dose may be too high?
a) Weight gain
b) Palpitations
c) Fatigue
d) Cold intolerance
Maternal-Child Nursing
- A postpartum client reports heavy vaginal bleeding. What is the LPN’s priority action?
a) Encourage ambulation
b) Assess the fundus
c) Administer pain medication
d) Provide perineal care - A newborn is jaundiced. Which intervention should the LPN anticipate?
a) Administer vitamin K
b) Initiate phototherapy
c) Increase formula feedings
d) Apply warm compresses - The LPN is teaching a pregnant client about nutrition. Which food should the client increase to prevent neural tube defects?
a) Dairy products
b) Leafy green vegetables
c) Red meat
d) Citrus fruits - A client in labor has a fetal heart rate of 90 beats per minute. What is the LPN’s priority action?
a) Encourage the client to push
b) Notify the RN immediately
c) Increase IV fluid rate
d) Place the client in a supine position - A breastfeeding mother reports sore nipples. What should the LPN suggest?
a) Stop breastfeeding for 24 hours
b) Ensure proper latch technique
c) Apply alcohol to the nipples
d) Use formula instead - A pregnant client at 32 weeks gestation reports decreased fetal movement. What should the LPN do?
a) Reassure the client that this is normal
b) Report the finding to the RN
c) Encourage the client to drink water
d) Instruct the client to rest - The LPN is caring for a newborn. Which finding requires immediate intervention?
a) Respiratory rate of 40 breaths per minute
b) Cyanosis of the hands and feet
c) Soft spot on the head
d) Weight loss of 5% since birth - A client in the third trimester reports swelling in her hands and face. What should the LPN assess for?
a) Gestational diabetes
b) Preeclampsia
c) Urinary tract infection
d) Normal pregnancy changes - The LPN is assisting with a newborn assessment. Which finding is normal?
a) Presence of lanugo on the back
b) Heart rate of 80 beats per minute
c) Yellowing of the skin on day 1
d) Absence of sucking reflex - A client in labor is receiving oxytocin. Which finding indicates a need to stop the infusion?
a) Contractions every 5 minutes
b) Fetal heart rate of 80 beats per minute
c) Maternal blood pressure of 130/80 mmHg
d) Contraction duration of 60 seconds
Mental Health Nursing
- A client with depression reports feeling hopeless. What is the LPN’s best response?
a) "You should focus on the positive."
b) "I’m here to listen. Can you tell me more?"
c) "Things will get better soon."
d) "You have so much to be thankful for." - A client with schizophrenia is experiencing auditory hallucinations. What is the LPN’s best action?
a) Argue with the client about the voices
b) Acknowledge the client’s feelings and provide a safe environment
c) Ignore the client’s statements about voices
d) Tell the client the voices are not real - A client with bipolar disorder is in a manic phase. Which behavior should the LPN expect?
a) Social withdrawal
b) Rapid speech and hyperactivity
c) Flat affect
d) Increased need for sleep - The LPN is caring for a client with anxiety. Which intervention is most appropriate?
a) Encourage the client to avoid stressful situations
b) Teach the client deep breathing techniques
c) Administer a sedative immediately
d) Restrict the client’s visitors - A client with a history of substance abuse is admitted. Which withdrawal symptom requires immediate intervention?
a) Nausea
b) Seizures
c) Anxiety
d) Tremors - The LPN is teaching a client about selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Which side effect should the client report?
a) Mild nausea
b) Suicidal thoughts
c) Dry mouth
d) Increased appetite - A client with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) reports nightmares. What should the LPN suggest?
a) Avoid discussing the trauma
b) Keep a journal of the nightmares
c) Take a sleeping pill every night
d) Watch television before bed - A client with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is performing rituals. What is the LPN’s best approach?
a) Interrupt the rituals immediately
b) Allow the client to complete the ritual while gently redirecting
c) Restrict the client’s movements
d) Ignore the rituals completely - The LPN is caring for a client with dementia. Which action promotes safety?
a) Encourage independent ambulation
b) Provide a consistent routine
c) Change the environment daily
d) Allow the client to manage medications - A client expresses suicidal ideation. What is the LPN’s priority action?
a) Leave the client alone to process feelings
b) Stay with the client and notify the RN
c) Encourage the client to think positively
d) Administer an antidepressant
Pediatric Nursing
- A 6-year-old child is admitted with asthma. Which symptom indicates worsening respiratory distress?
a) Coughing at night
b) Use of accessory muscles
c) Wheezing on exhalation
d) Increased appetite - The LPN is teaching parents about preventing sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Which instruction is most important?
a) Use a firm mattress
b) Place the infant on their back to sleep
c) Keep the room warm
d) Use soft bedding - A child with type 1 diabetes has a blood glucose level of 50 mg/dL. What is the LPN’s first action?
a) Administer insulin
b) Give the child a fast-acting carbohydrate
c) Encourage water intake
d) Notify the healthcare provider - A toddler is admitted with dehydration. Which finding should the LPN report immediately?
a) Dry lips
b) Sunken fontanelle
c) Decreased urine output
d) Mild irritability - The LPN is administering a vaccine to a 4-year-old. Which site is most appropriate?
a) Ventrogluteal
b) Deltoid
c) Vastus lateralis
d) Dorsogluteal
Geriatric Nursing
- An elderly client is at risk for falls. Which intervention should the LPN implement?
a) Encourage independent ambulation
b) Ensure the call bell is within reach
c) Keep the room dimly lit
d) Remove all assistive devices - A client with Alzheimer’s disease is agitated. What is the LPN’s best approach?
a) Argue with the client to reorient them
b) Use a calm tone and simple instructions
c) Restrain the client for safety
d) Leave the client alone - The LPN is assessing an elderly client’s skin. Which finding is most concerning?
a) Dry, flaky skin
b) Redness over a bony prominence
c) Thin, transparent skin
d) Mild bruising on the arms - A client with osteoporosis is prescribed calcium supplements. When should the LPN instruct the client to take them?
a) At bedtime
b) With meals
c) On an empty stomach
d) With a glass of orange juice - An elderly client reports constipation. What should the LPN recommend?
a) Decrease fluid intake
b) Increase dietary fiber
c) Take a laxative daily
d) Avoid exercise
Nutrition and Diet
- A client with chronic kidney disease is on a low-potassium diet. Which food should the LPN discourage?
a) Apples
b) Bananas
c) White bread
d) Chicken - The LPN is teaching a client with heart failure about a low-sodium diet. Which food should the client avoid?
a) Fresh vegetables
b) Canned soup
c) Whole grains
d) Lean protein - A client with celiac disease should avoid which food?
a) Rice
b) Wheat bread
c) Corn
d) Potatoes - The LPN is caring for a client with dysphagia. Which intervention promotes safe swallowing?
a) Offer thin liquids
b) Thicken liquids as prescribed
c) Encourage rapid eating
d) Provide large food portions - A client with type 2 diabetes asks about snacks. Which option is most appropriate?
a) Chocolate bar
b) Apple slices with peanut butter
c) Potato chips
d) Ice cream
Infection Control
- The LPN is caring for a client with tuberculosis. Which precaution is most appropriate?
a) Contact precautions
b) Airborne precautions
c) Droplet precautions
d) Standard precautions - A client has a urinary tract infection. Which instruction should the LPN provide?
a) Limit fluid intake
b) Increase fluid intake
c) Avoid wiping after urination
d) Take antibiotics only when symptoms occur - The LPN is cleaning a blood spill. Which solution should be used?
a) Warm water
b) 1:10 bleach solution
c) Alcohol-based cleaner
d) Soap and water - A client with Clostridium difficile is on isolation. Which PPE should the LPN wear?
a) Mask only
b) Gown and gloves
c) Gloves only
d) Face shield - The LPN is teaching a client about hand hygiene. When is hand washing most important?
a) After eating
b) Before and after client contact
c) Only when hands are visibly soiled
d) Once daily
Miscellaneous
- The LPN is documenting care. Which statement is most appropriate?
a) Client seems fine
b) Client ambulated 50 feet with assistance
c) Client ate well today
d) Client looks better - A client refuses a prescribed medication. What is the LPN’s best action?
a) Administer the medication anyway
b) Document the refusal and notify the RN
c) Convince the client to take it
d) Skip the dose and do not document - The LPN is preparing to delegate tasks to a certified nursing assistant (CNA). Which task is appropriate?
a) Administering oral medications
b) Assisting with bathing
c) Performing a sterile dressing change
d) Assessing a client’s pain level - A client is receiving IV fluids. Which sign indicates fluid overload?
a) Decreased blood pressure
b) Crackles in the lungs
c) Dry mucous membranes
d) Increased urine output - The LPN is teaching a client about wound care. Which statement indicates a need for further teaching?
a) "I will wash my hands before changing the dressing."
b) "I will reuse the old dressing if it looks clean."
c) "I will report any redness or swelling."
d) "I will keep the wound clean and dry." - A client with a history of seizures is prescribed phenytoin. Which instruction should the LPN provide?
a) Take the medication on an empty stomach
b) Maintain good oral hygiene
c) Avoid calcium-rich foods
d) Stop the medication if seizures decrease - The LPN is caring for a client with a pressure ulcer. Which intervention promotes healing?
a) Keep the wound open to air
b) Keep the wound moist with a dressing
c) Apply alcohol to the wound
d) Massage the surrounding skin - A client is receiving oxygen therapy. Which safety precaution should the LPN implement?
a) Allow smoking near the oxygen
b) Ensure no open flames are present
c) Use oil-based lotion on the client’s face
d) Store oxygen tanks in a warm area - The LPN is assisting a client with a meal. Which action promotes client independence?
a) Feed the client all meals
b) Provide adaptive utensils as needed
c) Cut food into large pieces
d) Restrict the client to soft foods - A client with a terminal illness expresses fear of dying. What is the LPN’s best response?
a) "You don’t need to worry about that now."
b) "I’m here with you. Can you share what you’re feeling?"
c) "Everyone feels this way sometimes."
d) "Let’s focus on something positive."
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