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How the model works, and how it could be improved.
Describe how the model works, and how it could be improved.
Optimise the PV array size for the 'stay at home' load and no battery.
Add a 14kWh Tesla Powerwall (enter "14" in the battery size cell).
Re-optimise the PV array, then find what the battery needs to cost for this to be a sensible investment.
Repeat this process for different demand profiles, battery sizes, feed in tariffs, costs of capital and any other input assumptions you'd like to test. What do you learn about the range of costs that batteries need to get to?
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Computer Science |
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14 |
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Table 1: Main calculations of the project
Results Analysis:
From the above assumption we have concluded that the optimum designed system having close output requirement with minimum capital investment, minimum payback period and minimum consumption from the grid side, and as a result the electricity bill shall reduce having direct impact on the ROI (Return on Investment).
There are extensive range of products available in the market some are compatible mostly are not for the domestic or house project. The variety of products confuses the individuals as a result the chosen system, without the market analysis fails most of the time. In this particular article someone has assisted by developing an excel formulated sheet which shall provide up to the mark market rates, product varieties, their price comparisons and many more.
For the above particular case study, we have selected 15 Kwh daily load consumption, 14 Kwh Battery and different capacities of solar plants on different locations. Every state has its own tariffs [8] and rate of solar system due to which the total investment and payback period vary. Similarly, different brands have different price ranges but more or less same output and life [3]. Investment should thus be not into too high nor too low in order to serve the cause. Moreover, change in the load consumption time cannot change the total investment but can lead in change of electricity grid import or export as well as the payback period [2].
Among all, 4 Kw solar plant has the best combinations in all aspects and 5 Kw plant went into the oversized system.
Figure 1 Solar+ Battery-Average household day:
Table 2: (Solar +Battery)Output of the Economic Model
Suggestions:
Based on the findings of the model, the following are the recommendations:
- Practically, the depth of discharge (DOD) [6] of a battery should not be more than 80% whereas there was the option of 100%. Keeping the battery at 100% can drastically decrease the life span of the battery as a result it needs to be replaced [1].
- The tariffs of the location can be more precise and accurate by linking it with the ecommerce sites [8]
- Load profiles should be more detailed having the type of load used
- The solar only pie chart to reformulate by using the solar only profile
- Annual interpolation can be more system specific
- The type of batteries should have been added in order to provide a variety
References
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- Gomes, I. S. F., Perez, Y., & Suomalainen, E. (2020). Coupling small batteries and PV generation: a review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 126, 109835.
- Pena-Bello, A., Burer, M., Patel, M. K., & Parra, D. (2017). Optimizing PV and grid charging in combined applications to improve the profitability of residential batteries. Journal of Energy Storage, 13, 58-72.
- Ayeng'o, S. P., Axelsen, H., Haberschusz, D., & Sauer, D. U. (2019). A model for direct-coupled PV systems with batteries depending on solar radiation, temperature and number of serial connected PV cells. Solar Energy, 183, 120-131.
- Rodríguez-Gallegos, C. D., Yang, D., Gandhi, O., Bieri, M., Reindl, T., & Panda, S. K. (2018). A multi-objective and robust optimization approach for sizing and placement of PV and batteries in off-grid systems fully operated by diesel generators: An Indonesian case study. Energy, 160, 410-429.
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