Local hospitals or birth centers

Sample Solution

  1. St. Catherine's Hospital: "At St. Catherine’s, we prioritize a woman-centered approach to providing care during labor and delivery. We encourage natural movement during labor, such as walking, changing positions, rocking, and stretching. Our nurses are trained in how to provide safe positioning options that can help women manage their pain while supporting the progress of their labor." 2. Ascension Sacred Heart Hospital: "We believe that every woman has the right to be active during her birth experience and make choices about how she would like to move throughout her labor journey. Our team of certified nurse midwives and physicians are trained in evidence-based practices which include minimizing interventions while still ensuring mother and baby safety while they support the use of natural movements such as walking or swaying or using a birthing ball."

his reading explores Pakeha ethnicity and the importance of social stratification in discussing the level of inequality and privilege present in New Zealand society. Ballara (1986) defines the word Pakeha as the ‘Maori name for Europeans’. Many other contemporary Maori sources define the term as “White or New Zealander of European descent” (Moor, 2011 & Ngata, 2010). This reading makes note of the fact that there are advantages that belong to the dominant white majority in New Zealand however the advantages and the privileges are reinforced by its invisibility and is also disguised. McIntosh (2007) supports this statement: we should see white privilege as an “invisible package of unearned assets”. The norms and values of the White people, the ways in which they act and live serve as the basis by which non-White people are judged. Pakeha acknowledge and support the symbolic nature and aspects of Maori culture; the incorporation of the Maori version in the national anthem, the Haka, the powhiri and educating people of Te Reo Maori. However, they oppose any possible potential aspects that may challenge and hinder the existing economic power structure such as ownership of Maori land, tertiary scholarships and awards for Maori students and so on. It raises questions and doubts about whether or not the Pakeha’s acknowledgment of the mere symbolic aspects of the Maori culture is actually genuine if they are not willing to share economic power and privileges. The self-labelling as Pakeha represents their recognition of the cultural difference, and also displays the privileges that being a member of the majority group gives. In more recent years however, Pakeha ethnicity also served as a symbol of respect to the Maori in an attempt at acknowledging their “First Nation” status and the Treaty of Waitangi. Ethnicity is a principle element of social stratification, and as a result, of inequality that is present within society. Maori, in comparison to the New Zealand population as a whole, were at an extreme disadvantage in terms of education and employment, but were also experiencing discrimination in institutions, workplaces and communities. The dominant majority Pakeha culture and social structure