Narrative positioning and identity claims

Answer

Narrative Positioning and Identity Claims

Shklovsky’s belief ‘that the purpose of art was to encounter our habitualised perceptions and to force us to notice’.

Writers often identify their work as art, and some even utilize their work to discuss the different elements of developing the art. Writers always attain this discussion via a literary method called defamiliarization. Defamiliarization is the process of writing which concentrates on more than any particular plotline. Viktor Shklovsky introduced this term in his essay “Art as Technique” to clarify the thinking regarding defamiliarization. (Shklovsky,1917) Victor argued that the technique of art is to make objects unaccustomed. According to Victor, this technique aims to make us view daily objects and words from a strange viewpoint. Our thinking becomes automized while recurrently viewing objects or doing actions. Our interpretation of objects becomes generalized, so artists want to trigger us to observe an object for an extended period to see it evidently for what it is.

Objects atomization, in reality, implied that we acknowledge them, but do not see them. Hence the argument of defamiliarization technique is not to return the significance to an object. However, to understand an object from a different, unacquainted perspective. Natural advancement of this work is to evaluate defamiliarization in connection to poetry. Since poetry can make our insight into words dissimilar, it imposes the extended observation of words and therefore defamiliarizes them. Formalists view poetry as something that originates from a sedated society where everything is monotonous and tedious (Ali, 2016). Our automized life and the usage of language are renewed with the deed of estrangement. Poetry compares the alienated society with the estrangement act. Hence poetry, utilized figurative language that varies to literary, daily communication. Figurative language can defamiliarize our world, to reorganize, change and revolutionize. Mostly it is used in poetry we likewise allude to the world around us in figurative speech.

 The significant aspect of it is imagery that cannot be inferred literally and makes poetry eccentric. Contemporary poets deepen our concentration on language and attain defamiliarization with the usage of tropes. A trope is a figure of speech where a word is employed in other than its literal logic. Metaphors in poetry enlarge the literal and automized language meaning. Tropes compel us to examine terms in a prolonged manner to deduce their connotation. Due to this, we start seeing words in an unfamiliar way (Anderson & Iversen,2018). But they lose their individuality and become worn-out as they replication throughout other literature work and in daily speech. Hence authors have continuously developed new devices to attain the defamiliarization effect. Victor argues that the role of estrangement was typical to all literary devices. Examples of tropes or literary devices comprise of personification, metaphors, and metonymies. It is ideal for all tropes that they develop imagery that make us perceive objects in our environment in a different light. Through thinking in images, we ultimately observe an object. For example, in the poem “A Martian Sends a Postcard Home” by Craig Raine, the tropes males the signifiers in the poem.

Examples of these signifiers are rain, time, and mist. These words perceptions are changes with tropes. In verse "Mist is when the sky is weary of escape" the author uses personification for the sky and what entire poetry as a representation for clouds. Also, he alters the familiar indicated or meaning by placing the signifiers in a different context. For instance, the time signifier is portrayed as an active entity with characterization. "However, time is linked to the wrists/or preserved in a box, ticking with impatience.”  In the verse “Rain is when the earth is TV” defamiliarization is attained with the metaphor for staying inside and looking iva the windows since the connection of TV with earth alters out thinking of rain. As explained using this poem, Craig does not use typical metaphors. Instead, he develops diverse imagery by utilizing the tropes that make us discover linkages between two unconnected images and defamiliarizes both words. For instance, the impact of estrangement occurs with the similar “then the world is blurry and bookish/like inscriptions under tissue paper” which is the old design of books metaphor. The description ‘bookish’ is not typically utilized in connection with the world or likened with tissue paper, so this makes us perceive the words longer. This poem fits the formalists thoughts regarding alienated society as the foundation for the poetry, which role its to estrange us from the distancing. The poem’s title invites us to perceive our reality from Craig’s viewpoint that is strange and alien, hence announcing the distancing. The usage of tropes in the open creates bizarre imagery because the writer strengthens the impact of defamiliarization where we see our alienation from our reality for what it is.

How creative writers employ images, imagination, reimaging, conception, invention, reading, drafting, redrafting and editing in the process of generating and developing their ideas

Creative writing is writing concerning events in an imaginative manner. Examples of creative writing are poems, plays, novels, and short stories. Imagination is the real engine of creative writing. It is the capacity to develop new thoughts from scratch and integrate them into situations and tell stories. Imagination makes the writer compose something creatively (Morley, 2007). So, the writer proceeds to do pre-writing by brainstorming, conversing with others a talking note. During the pre-writing phase, a writer selects a manageable topic, identify an intention and audience, draft a sentence that articulates the main ideas of the poem or play, collect data concerning the subject, and start organizing the information. Pre-writing examples comprise of freewriting, brainstorming, and questioning. Several individuals often use shape planner or graphic organizer in organizing their thoughts amid the pre-writing process.

Reading assumes a crucial role in all writing process stages. After a writer selects a topic, critical reading is vital to topic development. When reading any book, you assess the author’s viewpoint by thinking regarding his main idea and his support. When evaluating the writer's argument, you can discover the writer's opinion. Pre-writing tactics rely on your critical reading abilities. Reading pre-writing activities and outlines and drafts later in the writing process will further create the topic and thoughts. The drafting writing process stage is where the complete version of the writing piece is developed. The writer uses his pre-writing analysis to ascertain the focus o the pieces (Walsh-Piper, 2002). This entails narrowing the topic focus and identifying the piece purpose. For instance, a writer might choose to write an essay on dogs. He might develop his pre-writing notes with information on three topics concerning dogs such as show dogs, functioning dogs, and dog racing. During drafting, the writer should select one of these topics for his writing piece. Once the topic is chosen, the writer identifies the essay purpose, whether it is informational or persuasive easy. 

The writer begins with an introduction that highlights the topic and organizes notes in a sequence that makes sense to the reader. The emphasis should be a logical connection between topics. The conclusion part reinforces the thesis statement and leaves the audience with a sentiment of completion. Revising and editing are two tasks writers undertake to enhance their essay meaningfully. Revising and editing permit the writer to explore significant component of writing separately so that a writer gives every task undivided attention. Revising makes a writer have a second look to his ideas and can improve or change information to make plans more clear, precise, exciting and more convincing. Editing makes a writer take a second look at the articulated ideas. The writer can add, alter words, fix any grammatical errors, and improve his writing style. Editing makes the essay look polished and a prime piece of writing. Peer reviews, done accurately give writers objective criticism concerning their writing. It is the writer's role to assess the per revise outcomes and integrate only valuable criticism.