-
- QUESTION
Supplementary Task Guidelines for assessment. 1. This assessment is to be submitted via the study Desk into the Submission portal titled: Supplementary Assessment by midnight on 10 December 2018. 2. According to USQ policy, there are no extensions available for this submission. 3. Use Times New Roman Font size 12, double line spacing. 4. Reference using APA Referencing Style for ALL IDEAS AND CONCEPTS you have used. Limit the use of direct quotes, and if you do use direct quote this must be cited as such and be compliant with the requirements of APA style. http://www.usq.edu.au/library/referencing/apa-referencing-guide 5. Word counts include in-text referencing. 6. Use the Marking Criteria for your assessment to guide you. 7. Submit ONE document which includes the written responses to each section as an essay. Do not include the marking criteria as part of your submission. Assessment Task Assessment description: You are to write an essay, including an introduction and conclusion, using the sections below as a guide with a word count of 1,250 words (+/- 10%). The reference list is not included, however in-text citations are included in the word count. The aim of this assessment, is to consider the following questions and discuss and analyse the following key concepts: John is a 69 year old gentleman of Italian heritage, who has come into hospital for a below knee amputation due to complications from his Type 2 Diabetes (18 years post diagnosis). He is retired and lives with his wife of 40 years and his daughter, son in law and their three young children in a three bedroom house in the outer suburbs of Melbourne. He has failing eyesight and has not had a job for the past 15 years due to his health problems. He is currently taking the medication to help manage his blood sugar (Metformin), however his blood sugars continue to be very high. John does not like taking his medication as he finds it expensive and does not believe it helps him maintain his blood sugars within a healthy range. He believes there is nothing he can do to manage his blood sugar levels and that the amputation was a natural progression of the disease state. He infrequently takes his blood sugars, and does not see the point in attending frequent doctor appointments again due to the cost. John’s son in law is the only one who brings an income into his household, and this must support John, John’s wife, his daughter and their children. With limited resources, it is important that John keeps his medical bills as low as possible. The family does enjoy spending time together and enjoy celebrating and connecting over meals. His son-in-law usually joins John in an evening after the family meal to drink wine and smoke cigars. Both men find this an important time to connect and relax after a long day. John socialises very infrequently with anyone else outside of his family, as his failing health and eyesight prevents him from being able to drive anymore. NUR1202 Professional Identity Semester 2, 2018 Assessment Description- the aim of this assessment is to utilise the provided case study to answer Section A and Section B. Section A explores the dimensions of patient centred care and Section B is a comparative discussion about biomedical and social model of care in relation to the case study supported by scholarly references. Introduction: (125 words) Section A: (500 words) Referring to the case study, identify the seven dimensions of patient centred care and how you could utilise the dimension/s to provide holistic, therapeutic care to John. Section B: (500 words) Compare and contrast to the biomedical model of health and explain how John’s psychosocial health could benefit applying a social model of health care. Conclusion: (125 words)
| Subject | Nursing | Pages | 9 | Style | APA |
|---|
Answer
Nursing Professional Identity
(Section A)
Patient-centered care is an important aspect in healthcare delivery. It refers to care that is responsive and focused around the patients’ needs including their preferences, values, and beliefs, among other significant factors (Bell, 2014). In this case, the patients are treated with dignity and involved in the care delivery process including goal setting, planning, and making primary decisions regarding their health in order to promote positive health outcomes and improve their quality of life (Rathert, Wyrwich, & Boren, 2013). This paper discuses the seven dimensions of patient-centered care and how they can be implemented to provide holistic, therapeutic care to John, based on the case study. It also evaluates how John’s psychosocial health could benefit from applying a social model of healthcare.
The Dimensions of Patient-Centered Care
Patient-centered care revolves around seven important dimensions that have been found to promote positive health outcomes in clinical settings. The dimensions have been discussed below and how they can be implemented to provide John with holistic, therapeutic care.
Respect for Patients Preferences
Respect for patients’ preferences is a vital element in patient-centered care. It refers to the ability of clinicians to treat patients with dignity and provide them with care that is in line with their values, beliefs, and culture, among other significant aspects (Hobbs, 2013). It also entails involving patients in the decision making process and all other aspects that concerns their health. In this case, I will use this principle to provide John with holistic and therapeutic care by involving him in the decision making process, respecting his preferences, and tailoring care to suit his needs.
Coordination and Integration of Care
Coordination and integration of care is essential in helping patients feel safe and less vulnerable whenever they fall sick. Studies have shown that individuals tend to feel less vulnerable when there is proper coordination of clinical and frontline patient care, as well as, ancillary and support services (Bell, 2014). As a result, I intend to ensure effective coordination of these services to provide John with high-quality care.
Information and Education
Providing patients with complete information and education regarding their health plays a key role in ensuring their comfort and safety. In other words, they are able to understand their conditions, how to manage them efficiently, and the medications and procedures involved in the care process (Hobbs, 2013). In this case, I will educate John about the significance of taking his medication, attending frequent medical check-ups, and maintaining a healthy life style to improve his health outcomes.
Physical Comfort
The level of patients’ physical comfort plays a major role in influencing their experiences and quality of life. It is recommended that care providers enhance patients’ physical comfort by providing them with a supportive environment, managing their pain, and assisting them with daily activities and needs (Rathert et al., 2013). I will, therefore, provide John with a supportive environment and the necessary medication to manage his pain to ensure his comfort.
Emotional Support and Alleviation of Fear and Anxiety
Fear and anxiety is a common element in patients that can be detrimental to their health. As a result, care providers are called upon to encourage and provide patients with the necessary information and emotional support to help alleviate the fear or anxiety (Hobbs, 2013). Based on the case study, John is afraid that the medical expenses are too expensive. I will, therefore, educate him on how to manage his sugar level and avenues that he can use to access affordable medical care.
Involvement of Family and Friends
The involvement of family members and friends in caring for patients is relevant in promoting their health and well-being. In this regard, I will make sure that John’s family members are included in the decision making process and that there needs are respected. I will also educate them on how they can participate and support John to promote his overall health and comfort.
Access to Care
Assuring patients that they can receive timely treatment and access care whenever they need it is vital, particularly when it comes to ambulatory care. This includes ease of scheduling appointments, accessibility to physicians, and availability of transportation, among other services (Rathert et al., 2013). In this regard, I will make sure that John is able to access ambulatory care whenever needed and receive timely treatment to enhance his health and safety.
(Section B)
Biomedical and Social Models of Health
The Biomedical Model
The biomedical model of health is a concept that has been around for centuries and is often used to study and diagnose diseases. It focuses on the biological and physical factors that contribute to illness. According to the model, diseases are often caused by pathogens or cellular abnormalities and can be cured by identifying their origin and administering the right form of treatment (Mishler, 2014). The model emphasizes that health constitutes of freedom from pain, diseases, and defect, as well as making the human body healthy (Mishler, 2014). In this case, the biomedical model pays more attention to treatment rather than the prevention of ailments. It also fails to capture the relevance of the physical environment and social influences and their impact on peoples’ health.
The Psychosocial Model
The psychosocial model of health addresses the complex conditions that occur as a result of people’s interaction with their surroundings or immediate environment. The model focuses on three important aspects including the patients’ overall physical and psychological condition, as well as their personality traits and how they interact in the society (Cohen, 2013). These three factors play a crucial role in helping clinicians identify the conditions of their clients such as depression, mood disorders, and stress, just to mention a few (Cohen, 2013). In other words, the psychosocial models evaluates the impact of social influences on individuals overall health and well-being and comes up with possible interventions. However, it does not examine the impact of biological factors on peoples’ health.
Similarities and Differences
There are various differences and similarities between the biomedical and psychosocial models. For instance, with respect to differences, the biomedical model focuses on the physical and biological causes of illnesses including the biochemistry and physiological processes, as well as, bacteria (Mishler, 2014). On the other hand, the psychosocial model examines the effects of social influences and peoples’ immediate environment on their overall health and well-being (Cohen, 2013). In addition, the biomedical model is associated with the treatment of various medical conditions, whereas, the psychosocial model concentrates more on effective ways to prevent them (Mishler, 2014). Lastly, the biomedical model can only be applied by doctors and health professional. However, the psychosocial model can be utilized by a wider range of persons. The main similarity between the two models is that both have been developed to promote positive health outcomes and improve the quality of life of persons.
John’s psychosocial health could improve significantly by implementing a social model of healthcare. According to the case study, the patient rarely socializes with anyone outside his family because his failing health and eyesight prevents him from diving and interacting with other people. In this case, the social model could be useful in evaluating how John’s immediate environment and other social influences impact his health. Similarly, it will be extremely relevant in educating the client on appropriate ways to enhance his psychosocial health such as joining social support groups, among other possible interventions.
Conclusion
In conclusion, patient-centered care plays a vital role in promoting positive health outcomes in clinical settings. It entails treating all patients with dignity and tailoring care to suit their needs. Patient-centered care revolves around seven important dimensions including respecting patients preferences, coordination and integration of care; information and education; physical comfort, emotional support and alleviation of fear or anxiety; involvement of family and friends, as well as, access to care. In this regard, all these factors are crucial in providing clients with holistic, therapeutic care. The biomedical and psychosocial models of health are also relevant in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases. The biomedical model focuses on the biological and physical causes of illnesses, while the psychosocial model analyses the physical and social environment
References
|
Bell, L. (2014). Patient-centered care. American Journal of Critical Care, 23(4), 325-325. Cohen, S. (2013). Psychosocial models of the role of social support in the etiology of physical disease. Health psychology, 7(3), 269. Hobbs, J. L. (2013). A dimensional analysis of patient-centered care. Nursing research, 58(1), 52-62. Mishler, E. G. (2014). Viewpoint: Critical perspectives on the biomedical model. Social contexts of health, illness, and patient care, 1-23. Rathert, C., Wyrwich, M. D., & Boren, S. A. (2013). Patient-centered care and outcomes: a systematic review of the literature. Medical Care Research and Review, 70(4), 351-379. |