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In 500 words or less, apply appropriate performance psychology concepts from Baker et al (2003) and peak performance business concepts from Peak Performers (Ch. 2) to the design, development and evaluation of organizational training systems. (60 points)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3937568/
Baker, J., Horton, S., Robertson-Wilson, J., & Wall, M. (2003). Nurturing Sport Expertise: Factors Influencing The Development of Elite Athlete. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 2, 1-9.
Garfield, C. A. (1985). The peak performers: New heroes of American business. Chicago, IL: Nightingale-Conant Corp.
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| Subject | Psychology | Pages | 3 | Style | APA |
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Answer
Performance Psychology Concepts
While there are no doubts that most people are blessed with opportunities and talent, in most cases, what separates best performers from average ones is the psychological skills which are needed to facilitate peak performance. According to Baker et al. (2003), in most cases, players struggle with performance anxiety and stage fright, but the difference comes on how individuals handle and overcome such psychological hurdles. In order to prevent the psychological problems that come during performance, organizations should develop certain training systems which address psychological hitches that hinder apt performance. Using “Nurturing Sport Expertise: Factors Influencing the Development of Elite Athlete” by Baker et al. (2003) and “The peak performers: New heroes of American business” by Garfield (1885), this paper identifies performance psychology concepts that are important in developing and evaluating organizational training systems.
One of the performance psychological concepts that should be part of the training system according to Baker et al. (2003) is training factors. It is conceivably not astounding that high level of practice or training is necessary to attain proficiency. According to the author, research on skill development evidently support the connection between practice/training and skill attainment. Proof from cognitive/ perceptual sports studied to date suggests that in areas where specialists and non-specialists are identified by information-processing abilities and domain-specific, skills are accounted for by the intense training instead of innate abilities. The authors advocate that by repeatedly adjusting training activities and processes so that optimum quantities of concentration and effort are needed, upcoming experts exploit cognitive and physiological adaptations.
Another performance psychological concept is maturity factor. According to Baker et al. (2003), maturity factor in this case means the experience or expertise gained during a certain period of time. In most cases, individuals who have more experience in certain fields tend to perform better than amateurs. For example, football players who participate in most matches tend to gain more experience and perform better than those who have not been given an opportunity to practice or participate in several matches. On the same note, experience creates confidence, hence better performance.
On the other hand, one of the peak performance concepts mentioned by Garfield (1985) is self-confidence. An investigation of literature studying self-confidence reveals s more interesting results. Specifically, self-confidence influences peoples’ perceptions of performance ability. For instance, Garfield (1985) found that athletes with higher self-confidence tend to recognize their anxiety as facilitative and positive of a good performance, while the ones with lower self-confidence thinks of anxiety as debilitative. Another peak performance concept mentioned by Garfield (1985) is goal setting which has been revealed to affect performance. According to the author, numerous studies indicate that goals that result in highest levels of performance are ones that are challenging and specific.
References
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Baker, J., Horton, S., Robertson-Wilson, J., & Wall, M. (2003). Nurturing Sport Expertise: Factors Influencing The Development of Elite Athlete. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 2, 1-9. Garfield, C. A. (1985). The peak performers: New heroes of American business. Chicago, IL: Nightingale-Conant Corp.
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