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QUESTION
Provide examples of experimental and nonexperimental research design. Contrast the levels of control applied to each.
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| Subject |
Nursing |
Pages |
2 |
Style |
APA |
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Answer
Experimental and Non-experimental research designs and their design control levels
Quantitative research relates to a deductive approach and pre-determined sets of responses based on theory measuring quantifiable variables and using this to gain scientific credibility over the immeasurable variable (Podsakoff & Podsakoff, 2019). It has been used as an umbrella for some research designs such as experimental and non-experimental research designs.
Experimental research design employs a scientific approach to research. It involves the manipulation of variables and random assignment of participants to conditions under study. It is concerned with research that is high in casual validity and when done correctly, provides a clear cause-and-effect explanation of the research problem (Swart et al., 2019). A nurse may study how different modes of administering pain medication affect the patient’s discernment of the level of pain they experience.
Non-experimental research design is descriptive or correlation. It focuses on exploring, explaining, differentiating, and examining associations among variables or groups (Swart et al., 2019). This research design does not have interference from the researcher and concern leans towards the validity of the measurements as opposed to the validity of the effects. A nurse may study the relationship between gender and the frequency of check-ups during a given year.
The level of control in the experimental research design differs greatly from that of non-experimental research design. In experimental research, the participants are chosen by the researcher depending on the sampling procedure (Podsakoff & Podsakoff, 2019). In non-experimental design, the researcher only observes and does not choose the study subjects using different sampling methods.
In experimental research design, we have variables or groups that are manipulatable (independent) variables (Podsakoff & Podsakoff, 2019). Rather than manipulating variables in non-experimental research design, they are simply measured as they naturally occur.
References
Podsakoff, P. M., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2019). Experimental designs in management and leadership research: Strengths, limitations, and recommendations for improving publishability. The Leadership Quarterly, 30(1), 11-33.
Swart, L. A., Kramer, S., Ratele, K., & Seedat, M. (2019). Non-experimental research designs: Investigating the spatial distribution and social ecology of male homicide. Research Methods in the Social Sciences, 19.
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