Psychology

Sample Solution

The misinformation effect is a type of false memory that occurs when an individual misinterprets or re-imagines new information after an event. This phenomenon can lead eyewitnesses to inaccurately recall details of the events they witnessed due to their misinterpretation or contamination of information, as well as other factors such as trauma and stress. For example, imagine an incident where a suspect is seen fleeing the scene of a crime. A bystander witnesses the event and gives an account in court about what he saw. However, over time his story becomes more detailed and distorted by inaccurate news reports about the incident, leading him to falsely remember seeing something that wasn't actually there. His brain has essentially filled in gaps with external sources instead of relying on its own memory functions which leads him to mix up real memories with imagined ones and create a false narrative.  

Aside from the legislations and policies put in place, the attitude of the host society, but also the immigrants themselves, is a major contributing factor that affected and controlled the formation of the Chinese community. The way in which the host society perceives Chinese immigrants affects the way they treat them – whether they are accepted into society or discriminated against, is determined by members of the host society. The latter often deemed to be the case as the Chinese were considered “undesirable aliens”. In order to settle and fit in to the New Zealand society, the Chinese were cautious and careful so as not to offend “mainstream sensitivity” but were also “humble, menial and not in direct competition” with New Zealanders in regards to trade and business; they ‘knew their place’. There were more obstacles Chinese immigrants encountered: they were the only people in New Zealand subjected to a poll tax. In addition to this, “tonnage ratios, literacy tests and thumb printing” challenged them further, as well as the blanket permit system that was imposed in order to prevent Chinese and other coloured migrants from entering and living in New Zealand. They did not receive the right to be supported for unemployment or pensions despite their naturalised New Zealand citizenship. In this way, Chinese immigrants were forced to overcome the hardships and hurdles that were unfairly thrust upon them. The evolution of the Chinese New Zealand identity over the years displayed a transition from a state of isolation and alienation as a result of discrimination, to New Zealand’s comparatively more tolerant attitude and treatment towards the Chinese post World War Two. In more recent years, Chinese immigrants were more welcomed as valued citizens by the New Zealand government; the positiv