Response to Discussion Posts

Answer

1. Response to Discussion Posts

   The response taken is quite effective because it is always important to communicate any lab results with the patient before proceeding to administer medication. In this post, the patient is educated on the disease and how it is transmitted. Also, the fact that it may not show any symptoms is also stated so that the patient is not doubtful of the service he is about to receive. I agree that before administering penicillin, it is imperative that the patient undergoes a skin test to check for any adverse reactions. It is an important step that will prevent the patient from experiencing other forms of discomfort that could have been avoided (Burchum & Rosenthal, 2019). However, since it is the patient’s first time using penicillin, the possible side effects should be communicated to ensure that they know what to look out for. An area that I do not completely agree with relates to the advice on the use of oral penicillin. The nurse should first educate the patient on the effectiveness of the injection form as compared to the oral version. Only then should the patient be allowed to make an informed decision on which intervention to consider.

   Reply to Peer Post 2

               Patient education is important before any interventions are considered. Hence, I agree with the approach of educating the patient on gonorrhoea and how it is transmitted. It is also important to check if the patient has an allergy to penicillin. However, since it is the first time using the antibiotic, asking the patient does not seem like the best option in this situation. Rather, conducting a skin test will be more effective. Educating the patient on the side effects that may be experienced is also essential as it will keep them aware of what they should be looking out for (Burchum & Rosenthal, 2019). I also agree with the decision to educate the patient on the various benefits of the penicillin injection, and disadvantages of taking it orally. 

   Reference

   Burchum, J.R. & Rosenthal, L.D. (2019). Lehne's Pharmacology for Nursing Care ( 10th edition). St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Inc.

   10.QUESTION

   you can pick a sweetener    

   The Week 2 Lab will challenge you, as it has to do with sweeteners and obesity. Current research has shown that there may be a relationship between the consumption of sweeteners and the rise in obesity, so this will be an opportunity to examine the facts and develop an opinion.

   Please select one of the following sweeteners.

   Sugar (sucrose)
   Fructose
   High fructose corn syrup
   Stevia
   Equal
   Splenda
   Ace K
   Another one that you can find on your own
   Deliverables
   Answer the following questions about the sweetener that you have selected. Your paper should be approximately two pages long, double-spaced, with proper citations and a References section at the end.

   1. Select a sweetener.
   2. Explore the history of the sweetener (when it was developed, its composition)
   3. Discuss safety and the sweetener that you have selected.
   4. Examine the relationship between the sweetener that you have selected and obesity. Carbohydrates and Physical Activity. Grading Rubric
   Carbohydrates and Physical Activity Grading Rubric
   Criteria Ratings Pts
   This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeSelect Sweetener
   Indicate the sweetener that you have selected.
   3.0 pts
   Full Marks
   0.0 pts
   No Marks
   3.0 pts
   This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeBackground of Sweetener
   Discuss the history of the sweetener. Make sure to include all of the background on this ingredient-when it was discovered, its composition by whom it was discovered, its chemical makeup, its first use, its sweetening capabilities and what foods it can be used in.
   6.0 pts
   Full Marks
   0.0 pts
   No Marks
   6.0 pts
   This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeSafety of Sweetener
   Discuss the safety of the sweetener you have selected.
   6.0 pts
   Full Marks
   0.0 pts
   No Marks
   6.0 pts
   This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeRelationship to Health
   Examine the relationship (if there is one) between the sweetener that you selected and obesity. Make sure to this research this ingredient and obesity as there are often connections between the two.
   6.0 pts
   Full Marks
   0.0 pts
   No Marks
   6.0 pts
   This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeMechanics
   Includes name, citations within body of essay, proper spelling, grammar, and separate bibliography
   4.0 pts
   Full Marks
   0.0 pts
   No Marks
   4.0 pts
   Total Points: 25.0

   ANSWER

   Sugar

   The sweetener that has been selected for this assignment is sugar.  Sugar is the generic name for the sweet-tasting, soluble carbohydrate most of which is used in food as a sweetener. It is also known as granular sugar, table sugar, regular sugar or sucrose.  The history of sugar follows several main phases since each phase depended on the previous one. It started as an extraction of sugar cane juice from sugarcane plant. The plant was later domesticated in southeast Asia around 4,000BC.  After that there was an invention of manufacture of cane sugar granules from the sugar cane juice in India which happed over two thousand years ago (Eggleston, 2019).  This was followed by several improvements of refining the crystals granules in India in early centuries AD.  Following that, there was a spread of production of sugar as a result of many communities that ventured in sugarcane farming. After that it spread to West India and then to tropical parts of America in 16^th century. Notably, the white stuff that is commonly known as sugar is actually sucrose, a molecule that is composed of 12 atoms of hydrogen and 11 atoms of oxygen chemically written as C12H22O11. It is a carbohydrate that is naturally found in most plants, especially sugarcane and sugar beets hence the name sugar.

   While the natural sweetener are generally safe, artificial sweeteners such as sugar have several health concerns hence their use should be limited and monitored. One of the main health issues that is associated with high intake of sugar is heart diseases. According to the study conducted by Wölnerhanssen and Meyer-Gerspach (2019) high sugar diets lead to weight gain that causes obesity, inflammations, and high blood pressure which are the major risk factors of heart disease.  Notably, 17-21% of calories from added sugar has 38 percent risk of dying from heart related diseases. Additionally, too much consumption of sugar also increases the risk of type 2 diabetes.  A study by Eggleston (2019) also reveals that too much consumption of sugar increase cellular aging. Based on the above studies and observations, it is important to note that although it is one of the most used sweeteners, consumption of too much sugar is not safe for the body hence it should be limited and monitored. Wölnerhanssen and Meyer-Gerspach (2019) add that it is advisable to test for sugar level regularly in order to prevent several health issues that are associated to its high consumption.

   Sugar is highly associated with obesity. According to Wölnerhanssen and Meyer-Gerspach (2019), sugar has got high amounts of calories. For example, two tablespoons of the common sweetener corn syrup contain 120 calories.  It is important to note that when the body receives excess calories, it stores them as fats. As fats accumulate, people gain a lot of weight which ultimately result in obesity when the intake of sugar, which is the source of calories is not controlled. Obesity or too much weight can then cause other disease such as type 2 diabetes and other disease that are related to the heart.

    

    

   take the family through counseling process to prepare them psychologically for whatever outcome in the process.

    

Answer

Al Gore’s “An Inconvenient Truth” Movie Analysis

            While delivering a speech, persuasion is essential in convincing the audience to listen to their ideas in their address. In An Inconvenient Truth, former US Vice President Al – Gore speaks on global warming as an encroaching crisis affecting its atmosphere and the environment as his central message. Al- Gore effectively persuades the audience into joining his cause against global warming by using persuasive communication strategies, a solid introduction, rhetoric strategies, oral citations, proper speech delivery, and presentation aids to evoke the audience in supporting his cause.

            Al- Gore’s successfully incorporates a solid speech introduction to attract the audience’s attention. He begins the introduction with a joke alluding to him being the “former future president of the United States.” The use of such a satirical comment evokes the audience wondering who would be bold enough to stand on stage after losing a race, such as the presidential election. This captures the audience to be more involving in his speech and sit for a better listening into the matters at hand. Later on, he introduces his speech topic by focusing on his central message, outlining his whole address's main points. Finally, it eases the audience by showing a mangrove parchment indicated to involve the audience in relating to a preserved environment before expounding on his speech. The audience is engaged after this as he gets into his central message and further engaging in his speech.

Al-Gore's excellently persuades the audience by using ethos as a rhetorical strategy throughout the speech.  Ethos employs a sense of trustworthiness and competence that enables the audience to believe in the speaker's credibility. He shows ethos by acknowledging his commitment to the earth as an environmental activist. Al- Gore's speech is based on expansive research that helps the audience trust his competence in speaking on the issue. Al- Gore's possesses charisma and positive energy that attracts the audience to remain rooted in listening to his appeal towards addressing global warming. As characteristics of applying ethos in a speech, the combination of dynamism and competence draws the crowd to become trustworthy with his presentation and remains attentive throughout the address.

Al- Gore’s effectively employs persuasive communication strategies that include positive motivation, negative motivation, cognitive dissonance, non-verbal communication, and appeals to self-esteem in his speech. Positive and negative motivations are essential in persuading the audience to venture into addressing global warming to achieve positive outcomes in the environment. Consequently, Al-Gore uses negative motivation to convince the audience that failure to look into measures of curbing global warming and climate change, the earth might end up like the few places he depicts in his comparison photographs and videos. Cognitive dissonance helps change one's perspective to something by discomforting norms and beliefs to persuade an audience towards change. At the start of the documentary, Al-Gore introduces a short video of a beautiful mangrove parchment that would stay in the back of the audience's mind on what should be safeguarded.  To destabilize the audience, he shows pictorials of areas devastated by global warming, evoking fear and panic for the world that has become dormant in addressing this issue. Intertwined, with his central idea, Al- Gore persuades the audience in a bleak and disheartened tone to fight for preserving the environment.

            In addition, Al-Gore’s effectually uses non-verbal communication in his body language is established through a dejected worrying tone for identifying with the audience on the prevailing situation. Al- Gore’s body movement showed confidence in his walk and constant interactiveness with the audience. Al – Gore also has a confiden, genuine smile appearing as a well- groomed and dressed man in delivering his speech. In the documentary, Al-Gore's clear expression of displeasure with people who negated around global warming instead of addressing is clear.  Al-Gore aimed to show concern for the issue. Al –Gore's self-esteem pushes his central message across the audience by focusing on positivity and the audience's contributions to curb global warming. His articulation of each point across helps in building confidence with the audience. His confidence in his speech persuades the audience to be on board the matter.

            Oral citations are well used in An Inconvenient Truth to capture the audience's attention. Al- Gore uses oral citations effectively to show reliability, credibility, and validity of information conveyed in his speech address. Denoting empirical evidence from videos, charts, and maps allude the audience into believing that Al- Gore critically researched the issue and came up with a profound speech to convince the audience to join his cause to remove fallacies on wrong information presented in his speech. Virtually, his research pays off as he captures the audience in his factual interactions on the matter.

Al – Gore excellently uses presentation aids like projected images, comparison photographs, short videos, satirical cartoons, and info graphs like maps and charts to help persuade his audience to come to his plea in preserving the environment by combating global warming. Projected images show areas adversely affected by global warming, including flooded areas. The short videos as well show people injured due to flooding. The graphs and maps show empirical evidence of the effects of global warming in areas. A comparison of videos and pictures shows how some places were before global warming and its impact after years. All these visual aids serve as areas involving the audience's concern and worry over the deteriorating ecosystem around us. Al-Gore was not shy off, including videos of politicians passing over the global warming issue through satirical cartoons while also poking at renowned scientists worldwide who showed the existence of climate change. As much as Al-Gore is a politician, he intended for the audience to understand that his concern was for the environment and endeavors towards combating global warming rather than politically-driven shows with aspirations of a political seat.

Lastly, Al- Gore successfully uses ethos, pathos, and logos strategies to capture the audience's attention in his speech. Ethos employs a sense of trustworthiness and competence that enables the audience to believe in the speaker's credibility. He shows ethos by acknowledging his commitment to the earth as an environmental activist. The documentary shows the incorporation of logos through his presentation of scientific facts that support his claims to global warming as an issue of concern. Lastly, his attributes to incorporate his son's demise into comparing it to his commitment to the environment show pathos as a rhetoric strategy.  Successful integration of photographs and videos of areas affected by global warming helped provoke the audience to support his cause towards alleviating global warming.

In conclusion, Al – Gore effectively incorporates persuasive communication strategies, a solid introduction, rhetoric strategies, oral citations, proper speech delivery, and presentation aids to evoke the audience in supporting his fight against global warming.  Using all these techniques successfully convinces the audience to have a concern about the deteriorating ecosystem. Having watched the documentary, I am persuaded to carry on the legacy of conserving our environment as an environmental ambassador.         

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