Review question chp 10

Answer

1. Chapter 10 Review: Appraise and Plan I: All Evidence Is Not Created Equal

   Skills Required for a Good Qualitative or Quantitative Critical Appraisal

   To carry out a good qualitative and quantitative critical appraisal, various skills are requisite. It is important to note that appraisal techniques and tools for qualitative studies differ from quantitative studies. Some of the common skills include an understanding of the required methods and methodologies and a basic understanding of the language used in the research (Hopp & Rittenmeyer, 2021). Additionally, one should possess basic statistical knowledge, reflexivity, data analysis, data collection, good writing, and philosophical information understanding skills.

   Importance of Critical Appraisal

   The critical appraisal enables an individual to set aside evidence from popular opinions, beliefs, and assumptions (Hopp & Rittenmeyer, 2021). By critically subjecting a study to appraisal, an individual can determine whether the data presented is factual and has evidence backing. Any information that is not supported is then termed as a popular stance but cannot be used in decision-making or making inferences. The critical appraisal also enables the appraiser to establish sections of the research most relevant to their practical needs (Hopp & Rittenmeyer, 2021). Undertaking a studied appraisal follows a need to gather information on a specific subject matter. Therefore, a critical appraisal notes the key parts of the study that are relevant to the consumer needs. The other purpose of a critical appraisal is to facilitate the elimination of weak studies and irrelevant data hence freeing the appraiser from an overload of information (Hopp & Rittenmeyer, 2021). During the research, one is presented with numerous studies some of which do not have a direct connection to the study in question. Therefore, a critical appraisal enables an individual to narrow down the focus on studies and parts that present strung relevance to their subject.

   Meaning of Rapid Appraisal

   A rapid critical appraisal is a quick appraisal of the evidence in a user-friendly approach to establish its practical applicability and validity. This method enables clinicians to appraise a piece of research swiftly under their busy schedules through a checklist of approximately 10 critically developed assessment questions for specific evidence types (Hopp & Rittenmeyer, 2021). Rapid appraisal has a time limitation in which the required data is correctly retrieved using multiple evaluation techniques and methods.

   Importance of Matching Critical Appraisal Tool and Study Design

   A study design describes the study settings. Therefore, the critical appraisal tool settings must match with the study settings to create a matching set. Therefore, the critical appraisal tool allows for the assessment of the methodological quality of the study and consequently influences the evidence reliability such a study produces (Hopp & Rittenmeyer, 2021). Once the critical appraisal tool and the study design are correctly matched, then the tool can derive correct results free. However, if the critical appraisal tool used is not in sync with the study design, then the appraisal results will be flawed and/or compromised.

    

   Reliability, external validity, and Internal Validity in Quantitative Methods Vs. dependability, credibility, and transferability in Qualitative Methods

   According to Hopp & Rittenmeyer (2021), the matching comparison can be summarized as outlined in table 1 below.

   Quantitative Paradigms	Qualitative Paradigm
   Reliability: This is the consistency of a measurement method to produce the same results under the same circumstances.	External Validity: This refers to the applicability or generalizability of study outcomes to other settings.	Transferability: Degree to which results can be transferred to other settings or contexts using another set of respondents.
   	Internal Validity:  This refers to the credibility level of results that have not been interfered with by factors other than those outlined in the study	Credibility: Establishing that the qualitative study results are believable from the participant’s perspective.