Answer

Question 1
Ideologies
a)Vocal fry has always been a characteristic of language
b)There is sexism in the interpretations of vocal fry
How to determine they are Ideologies
a)Vocal fry has always been a characteristic of language
People’s expectations are that vocal fry will not be used in official on-air broadcasts especially on radio. The fact that people are even paying attention to it is down to the expectations and not the newness of the phenomenon itself. People have always spoken in vocal fry. The discussion it elicits is only because they hear it where they feel it should not be heard.
b)There is sexism in the interpretations of vocal fry
The manner in which vocal fry is identified when it is done by females is alarming. It is as if people feel that when females use vocal fry, they are arrogant, irritable and annoying. This is despite the fact that their male counterparts do the same thing. The question is really about age, not sex, yet it seems that each time a female uses voice fry, it receives more attention and condemnation than when a man does it.
Question 2
Wow! Your brother must be wicked smart to get into Harvard
Question 3
It was truly a wicked thing to treat him so meanly
Question 4
Wow! Your brother must be wicked smart to get into Harvard
The social meaning of any sentence depends on the situation in which an utterance is used. Decoding the text above, especially following the use of the word “wicked” depends on the knowledge of the fact that despite being a negative word in most contexts, it could be used positively to show the extreme of something, even positively. In that case then, people communicating would understand that “wicked smart” is a good thing, a thing that could earn one admission into Harvard.
Question 5
Their art is so cool; I’ve never seen anything like it
Question 6
In the cold night, I found my arm cool when I touched it.
Question 7
In the cold night, I found my arm cool when I touched it.
In the sentence above, the use of the two adjectives “cold” and “cool” is tied to their meaning as far as temperature is concerned. One therefore has to understand the semantic meaning of the sentence as reference to low temperatures and what the consequences of the low temperatures were to the speaker. There is no other meaning associated to the two words other than their temperature reference.
Question 8
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Question 9
A