TEAS Exam - Scientific Reasoning
Question 1
Which of the following is the primary source of energy for Earth's climate system?
A) Geothermal heat
B) Solar radiation
C) Tidal forces
D) Volcanic activity
Description: Solar radiation is the primary driver of Earth's climate system, providing the energy that fuels weather patterns, ocean currents, and the greenhouse effect.
Question 2
What is the primary function of the mitochondria in a cell?
A) Protein synthesis
B) Energy production
C) Waste elimination
D) Cell division
Description: Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, producing ATP through cellular respiration to provide energy for cellular processes.
Question 3
Which gas makes up the largest percentage of Earth's atmosphere?
A) Oxygen
B) Carbon dioxide
C) Nitrogen
D) Argon
Description: Nitrogen constitutes approximately 78% of Earth's atmosphere, making it the most abundant gas.
Question 4
What is the primary purpose of a control group in an experiment?
A) To increase the sample size
B) To serve as a baseline for comparison
C) To test multiple variables
D) To ensure the experiment is repeatable
Description: A control group is used to establish a baseline, allowing researchers to compare the effects of the independent variable on the experimental group.
Question 5
Which of the following is a characteristic of a scientific hypothesis?
A) It is always true
B) It is testable and falsifiable
C) It cannot be modified
D) It is based on opinion
Description: A scientific hypothesis must be testable through experiments and falsifiable, meaning it can be proven wrong if evidence contradicts it.
Question 6
What type of bond holds water molecules together in liquid form?
A) Ionic bond
B) Covalent bond
C) Hydrogen bond
D) Metallic bond
Description: Hydrogen bonds form between water molecules due to the attraction between the slightly positive hydrogen atoms and the slightly negative oxygen atoms.
Question 7
Which organ is primarily responsible for filtering blood and producing urine?
A) Liver
B) Kidney
C) Pancreas
D) Spleen
Description: The kidneys filter blood to remove waste products and excess substances, producing urine as part of the excretory system.
Question 8
What is the primary source of genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms?
A) Mitosis
B) Meiosis
C) Binary fission
D) Budding
Description: Meiosis introduces genetic variation through recombination and independent assortment, producing diverse gametes for sexual reproduction.
Question 9
Which of the following is an example of a physical change?
A) Burning wood
B) Rusting iron
C) Melting ice
D) Digesting food
Description: Melting ice is a physical change because it alters the state of water from solid to liquid without changing its chemical composition.
Question 10
What is the pH of a neutral solution at room temperature?
A) 0
B) 7
C) 14
D) 10
Description: A neutral solution, such as pure water, has a pH of 7, indicating a balance between hydrogen and hydroxide ions.
Question 11
Which of the following is a renewable resource?
A) Coal
B) Natural gas
C) Solar energy
D) Uranium
Description: Solar energy is renewable because it is derived from the sun, which provides a constant and sustainable energy source.
Question 12
What is the primary function of red blood cells?
A) Fighting infection
B) Transporting oxygen
C) Clotting blood
D) Producing antibodies
Description: Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds to oxygen and transports it from the lungs to the body’s tissues.
Question 13
Which part of the scientific method involves analyzing data to draw conclusions?
A) Hypothesis
B) Experimentation
C) Observation
D) Conclusion
Description: The conclusion step involves analyzing collected data to determine whether the hypothesis is supported or refuted.
Question 14
What type of energy is stored in the bonds of chemical compounds?
A) Kinetic energy
B) Potential energy
C) Thermal energy
D) Mechanical energy
Description: Chemical energy, stored in the bonds of molecules, is a form of potential energy that can be released during chemical reactions.
Question 15
Which of the following is a product of photosynthesis?
A) Carbon dioxide
B) Water
C) Oxygen
D) Nitrogen
C) Oxygen
Description: Photosynthesis produces oxygen as a byproduct when plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose using sunlight.
Question 16
What is the primary function of the large intestine?
A) Nutrient absorption
B) Water absorption
C) Protein digestion
D) Fat metabolism
Description: The large intestine primarily absorbs water from indigestible food matter, forming solid waste for excretion.
Question 17
Which of the following is a characteristic of a virus?
A) It can reproduce independently
B) It contains a nucleus
C) It requires a host to replicate
D) It performs photosynthesis
Description: Viruses lack the cellular machinery to reproduce on their own and must infect a host cell to replicate.
Question 18
What is the atomic number of an element determined by?
A) Number of neutrons
B) Number of protons
C) Number of electrons
D) Total mass of the atom
Description: The atomic number of an element is defined by the number of protons in its nucleus, which determines the element’s identity.
Question 19
Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?
A) Boiling water
B) Cutting paper
C) Burning gasoline
D) Freezing water
Description: Burning gasoline is a chemical change because it involves a reaction that produces new substances, such as carbon dioxide and water.
Question 20
What is the primary source of energy for the human body?
A) Carbohydrates
B) Vitamins
C) Minerals
D) Water
Description: Carbohydrates are the body’s primary energy source, broken down into glucose to fuel cellular activities.
Question 21
Which of the following describes the greenhouse effect?
A) Trapping of heat by atmospheric gases
B) Cooling of Earth’s surface
C) Reflection of sunlight by clouds
D) Absorption of UV radiation
Description: The greenhouse effect occurs when gases like carbon dioxide trap heat in the atmosphere, warming the Earth.
Question 22
What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?
A) Increase activation energy
B) Act as catalysts
C) Store energy
D) Break down proteins
Description: Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required.
Question 23
Which of the following is a characteristic of a prokaryotic cell?
A) Presence of a nucleus
B) Complex organelles
C) Lack of a nucleus
D) Large size
Description: Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, lack a membrane-bound nucleus, with their genetic material free in the cytoplasm.
Question 24
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
A) Digesting food
B) Gas exchange
C) Pumping blood
D) Filtering waste
Description: The respiratory system facilitates the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment.
Question 25
Which of the following is a dependent variable in an experiment testing plant growth with different fertilizers?
A) Type of fertilizer
B) Amount of water
C) Plant height
D) Soil type
Description: The dependent variable is the factor measured in an experiment, such as plant height, which depends on the type of fertilizer used.
Question 26
What is the primary source of energy for cellular respiration?
A) Glucose
B) Oxygen
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Water
Description: Glucose is the primary molecule broken down during cellular respiration to produce ATP, the cell’s energy currency.
Question 27
Which of the following is an example of a renewable energy source?
A) Oil
B) Natural gas
C) Wind energy
D) Coal
Description: Wind energy is renewable because it relies on wind, a naturally replenishing resource, to generate electricity.
Question 28
What is the primary function of the skeletal system?
A) Producing hormones
B) Supporting the body
C) Digesting food
D) Transporting oxygen
Description: The skeletal system provides structural support, protects organs, and facilitates movement.
Question 29
Which of the following best describes osmosis?
A) Movement of water across a semipermeable membrane
B) Active transport of ions
C) Diffusion of gases
D) Movement of large molecules
Description: Osmosis is the passive movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower to higher solute concentration.
Question 30
What is the primary purpose of a double-blind study?
A) To increase sample size
B) To eliminate bias
C) To test multiple hypotheses
D) To ensure repeatability
Description: A double-blind study prevents bias by ensuring neither the participants nor the researchers know who is in the control or experimental group.
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