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Telenursing: Is It in My Future?
Guidelines and Grading Rubric
PURPOSE
The purpose of this assignment is to explore the specialty of telehealth, and more specifically telenursing, as one example of the use of technology in various practice settings. Advantages and disadvantages for the patient and legal and ethical principles for the nurse of this technology will be explored.
COURSE OUTCOMES
This assignment enables the student to meet the following course outcomes:
CO #2: Investigate safeguards and decision-making support tools embedded in patient care technologies and information systems to support a safe practice environment for both patients and healthcare workers. (PO #4)
CO #6: Discuss the principles of data integrity, professional ethics, and legal requirements related to data security, regulatory requirements, confidentiality, and client’s right to privacy. (PO #6)
POINTS
This assignment is worth a total of 200 points.
DUE DATE
Your completed paper is due at the end of Week 4. Submit it to the basket in the Dropbox by Sunday at 11:59 p.m. mountain time. Post your questions to the weekly Q & A Forum. Contact your instructor if you need additional assistance. See the Course Policies regarding late assignments. Failure to submit your paper to the Dropbox on time will result in a deduction of points.
BACKGROUND
Our text (Hebda, 2013) provides us with a broad perspective on telehealth. However, the specialty of telenursing is only briefly discussed. Healthcare is readily embracing any technology to improve patient outcomes, streamline operations, and lower costs. This technology includes the use of various applications based in various environments where registered nurses indirectly provide professional nursing care.
SCENARIO
The following scenario serves as the basis for your paper:
You have worked with Tomika for the past five years. Tomika shares with you that she has resigned and plans to work in an agency that installs telemonitoring equipment into the homes of those with chronic illnesses. Nurses monitor the patients using the equipment with the goal of detecting problems before patients need to be readmitted to the hospital. Tomika will be working from her own home, with occasional meetings at the agency. She would not be visiting her patients in their homes, but rather would be assessing and interacting with them via videoconferencing. She tells you that there are still job openings and encourages you to apply.
You are intrigued by this, and decide to investigate whether telenursing would be a good choice for you, too. Is telenursing in your future?
DIRECTIONS
1. You are to research (find evidence), compose, and type a scholarly paper that describes telenursing as described above, and whether it is a good fit for you. Reflect on what you have learned in this class to date about technology, privacy rights, ethical issues, interoperability, patient satisfaction, consumer education, and other topics. Your text by Hebda (2013, Chapter 25) discusses telehealth in detail. However, your focus should be from the professional nurse’s role in telenursing. Do not limit your review of the literature to only what you read in your text. Nurses in various specialties need to know about the advantages and disadvantages of telenursing as it applies to their patients. For example, when you discharge a patient from an acute care setting, will a telenursing service assist that individual with staying out of the hospital? You may need to apply critical thinking skills to development of your paper. In the conclusion of your paper, describe your current employment situation, and whether a job in telenursing would, or would not, fit with your career goals and life situation once you graduate from Chamberlain.
2. Use Microsoft Word and APA formatting to develop your paper. Consult the Publication manual of the APA, 6th edition if you have questions, for example, margin size, font type and size (point), use of third person, and so forth. Take advantage of the writing service, Smarthinking, which is accessed by clicking on the link called the Tutor Source, found under the Course Home tab. Also, review and use the various documents in Doc Sharing related to APA.
3. The length of the paper should be 4–5 pages, excluding the title page and the reference page. Limit your references to key sources.
4. The paper should contain an introduction that catches the attention of the reader with interesting facts and supporting sources of evidence, which need to be mentioned as in-text citations. Keep in mind that APA guidelines state you are not to call this an “Introduction†but you should include it at the beginning of your paper. The Body should present the advantages and disadvantages of telenursing from your perspective as an employee, and the patient’s perspective as a recipient of the care nurses provide. The Conclusion and Recommendations should summarize your findings and state your position on whether you will apply for a position with the agency.
NOTE: Review the section on Academic Honesty found in the Chamberlain Course Policies. All work must be original (in your own words) unless properly cited. This assignment will automatically be submitted through Turnitin, a plagiarism detection system.
Submit the completed paper to the Telenursing: Is It in My Future? by Sunday, 11:59 p.m. MT at the end of Week 4. Please post questions about this assignment to the weekly Q & A Forum so that the entire class may view the answers.GRADING CRITERIA
Category Points % Description
Introduction 50 25% The Introduction provides evidence of an information search including in-text citations of the sources of evidence. It catches the reader’s attention with interesting facts and supporting sources.
Body 100 50% Appropriate headings are used to delineate when the introduction ends. More than three advantages and three disadvantages are identified, discussed briefly, and supported by citations.
Conclusion and Recommendations 25 12.5% Appropriate headings are used, making clear the conclusion and recommendations based on solid evidence, privacy rights, and ethical principles, and so forth. State your current employment situation, and whether a job in telenursing could be in your future. Provide pros and cons for this decision.
Scholarly Writing and APA Format 25 12.5% • Title page, running head, and page numbers. (3 pts.)
• Introduction, body, and conclusion/recommendations sections are clearly labeled. There is a logical flow between the sections. (10 pts.)
• Grammar, punctuation, and sentence structure are correct. (2 pts.)
• Citations throughout demonstrate support of student’s ideas and opinions. (5 pts.)
• Reference page includes all citations. (3 pts.)
• Evidence of spell and grammar check. (2 pts.)
Total 200 100%
A quality assignment will meet or exceed all of the above requirements.GRADING RUBRIC
Assignment Criteria A
Outstanding or Highest Level of Performance B
Very Good or High Level of Performance C
Competent or Satisfactory Level of Performance F
Poor or Failing or Unsatisfactory Level of Performance
Introduction
50 points Evidence of information search. Catches the reader’s attention with interesting facts and supporting sources that include citations to three or more scholarly sources.
46–50 points Evidence of information search. Catches the reader’s attention with interesting facts and supporting sources that include citations to two scholarly resources.
42–45 points Evidence of information search includes only one citation to scholarly resource.
No attention catching “hook†noted.
38–41 points Little or no evidence of information search. No citations provided and/or there is no attention-catching “hook.â€
0–37 points
Body
100 points More than 3 advantages and 3 disadvantages from a nursing and a patient perspective are identified and supported by citations.
92–100 points At least 3 advantages and 3 disadvantages from a nursing and a patient perspective are identified and supported by citations.
84–91 points At least 2 advantages and 2 disadvantages from a nursing and a patient perspective are identified and supported by citations.
76–83 points Only one advantage and one disadvantage from a nursing and a patient perspective is identified and supported by citations.
0–75 points
Conclusion and Recommendation
25 points Conclusion is presented based on cited evidence of how telenursing affects the patient regarding personal privacy rights, and ethical principles. Includes current employment situation, and whether a job in telenursing could be in the student’s future along with pros and cons for this decision.
23–25 points Conclusion contains cited evidence for recommendation, but may lack persuasive use of privacy rights and/or ethical principles. Includes current employment situation, and whether a job in telenursing could be in the student’s future but no rationale for the choice.
21–22 points Indicates conclusion and recommendation but does not address privacy rights and/or ethical principles. Includes whether a job in telenursing could be in the student’s future but no details of current employment or the rationale for the decision.
19–20 points Fails to include conclusion or recommendation.
0–18 points
Scholarly Writing & APA Format
25 points • Title page, running head, and page numbers. (3 pts.)
• Minimum of three sections including the Introduction, Body, and Conclusions and Recommendations. Each section has at least three sentences. (10 pts.)
• Grammar, punctuation, and sentence structure are correct. (2 pts.)
• Citations throughout demonstrate support of student’s ideas and opinions. (5 pts.)
• Reference page includes all citations and no errors in format are noted. (3 pts.)
• Evidence of spell and grammar check. (2 pts.)
23–25 points • Minimal error in APA title page noted.
• Minimal errors in grammar, spelling, punctuation, and/or sentence structure noted.
• Citations are present but not in correct format.
• References are present, with minimal errors in format.
• Minimal red or green wavy lines within document.
21–22 points • Some errors in APA title page noted.
• Some errors in grammar, spelling, punctuation, and/or sentence structure noted.
• Citations are present but not in correct format.
• References are present, with some errors in format.
• Some red or green wavy lines within document.
19–20 points • Multiple errors in APA formatting.
• Multiple grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors noted.
• Citations are missing.
• References are missing or incomplete.
• No evidence of proofreading prior to submitting paper.
0–18 points
Total Points Possible = 200 points
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| Subject | Nursing | Pages | 8 | Style | APA |
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Answer
Introduction
In healthcare reform, one of the primary goals is expanding access of healthcare to various human populations that have been underserved for long. These include the poor, rural communities, the minorities and previously uninsured groups. It is of no doubt that great challenge lies ahead due to the fact that large numbers of the population are beginning to pursue access to the primary care clinicians. Telenursing is promising to be the important tool in meeting the above needs.
Telenursing, according to Rutledge et al.,(2014) is the technological used in delivery of nursing care from a given distance. As technologies such as imaging, multimedia and telecommunications have greatly advanced and become more affordable, telenursing has continued to become more feasible. The technology incorporates telemedicine that Rutledge et al., (2014) further delineate as the use of the medical information exchanged through the use of electronic communications from one site to another. It improves the health status of a patient, and considered as the means of efficient care delivery but not the separate medical specialty.
Telenursing promises in making nurses more ubiquitous and expanding the nursing involvement in the primary care.The services of telenursing at home necessitate computer and telephone usage although at times it can be on call center or in a facility. The service is undertaken by fielding the telephone calls and giving information or assistance to the clients. The telenurse will answer the calls in a given specific manner using the predetermined sequence of questions in an empathetic style and caring order. This is to collect all information about the situation of the caller, identify the given problem and determine the appropriate action that is medically ethical. The informed consent and justice contemplations as ethical principles are mandatory in carrying out any action between the nurse and the client (Atkin& Barrett 2012).
Advantages of telenursing
Patient consultations: The consultations range from the simple follow-up session immediately after the procedure to the patient education as a major part of the disease management program, to the consultations that mostly involve diagnosis and treatment. The tools that may be used include audio or the live images in facilitating communication that is between the patient and the provider. Internet access allows the patients in connecting from home, or at times, they might be visiting a remote clinic that is staffed by the nurses so as to connect with a physician that is further away. Consulting via the application of telemedicine connects the patients to the medical resources that generally do not exist in their communities(Hagen, Morin & Lupine, 2006).
Remote monitoring:Various devices that are used by patients at home as postulated by Atkin and Barrett (2012) can collect medical data and transmit them to the physicians for interpretations, so that the medical intervention can be effectively planned. These technologies can be of supplement, or in other instances can replace visits of home nursing. When patients are being monitored by nurses’remotely, travel times can be eliminated and more patients can be seen on a daily basis. Atkin and Barrett (2012) further contend that telenursing produces outcomes that are superior or equal to the ones seen with the traditional clinical encounters.
Enhancement of career and education opportunities: Telenursing has been proven to be a sort of the frontier within the field of nursing, as its full potential is yet to be explored. As a nursing student therefore, I will be performing the nursing assessments, and also taking on the patient advocate role. The skills of health care information technology are significant since it will add more output to any practice carried out. Designing or refining the technology that are based on delivery models in addition to feeling the comfort with the emerging and existing technologies are vital in enhancing technological outcomes in healthcare. Telenursing provides various opportunities in respect to good nursing leadership such as the administrative roles. They can design or oversee various programs, maintain the medical data and, supervise other nurses within or outside the department.
Effective healthcare: Telenursing decreases outpatient number, emergency room visits and costs borne by the patients as this improves the quality of health that is health-related. The technology decreases the outpatient and the emergency department visits that will help in saving the cost of healthcare and foster the growth that is within the industry of health care through resource delivery.Through the improved counseling occurring via the internet, Rutledge et al., (2014) explicates that quality of life has been improved through the huge impact on the psychiatry.
Disadvantage of telenursing
One major disadvantage of this service is lack of the hands by the nurses on client care which is greatly considered as a shortcoming by many nurses. Nurses always enjoy the primary care to their patients by regularly attending to them and engaging in physical contact for effective health care. As a result of this, the daily or monthly wages of the nurses may decline because some health institutions contracted nurses at pay per hour depending on the patients attended to. With the service of telenursing however, the situation may be different because many considerations may not be guaranteed. Another disadvantage is lack of team work with other colleagues since the service requires at least one nurseto perform it (Rutledge et al., 2014).
Conclusion and Recommendation
In nursing settings, healthcare is changing due to the advent of the affordable acts and the hospital needs in meeting certain criteria in qualifying for Medicare reimbursement for instance, in Tomika hospital. A dynamic and exciting time in terms of healthcare delivery that provides the best nursing care is through telenursing. As a nurse, it is my realization that at one time, visits at the doctor’s office in Tomika hospital will be redundant and outdated as it will be replaced by the telenurses who will generally expedite diagnosis referral to the specialists and thus cutting out any intermediary. Telenursing is a rewarding career move however much it requires interpersonal special skills and the ability in gaining the trust through communication usage that are specific to the service. The most important aspect is the problem solving skills that is required in identifying issues of the client and ascertaining resolutions to the above issues. Telenursing is the perfect arena for my future as it provides the platform for knowledge sharing and provides the guidance and reassurance in practicing health care. Being a telenurse enables one to telecommunicate since there is absolutely no need of leaving home for seeking consultation as well as referral in hospitals as everything is carried out via technological devices such as the computer. Additionally, a telenurse is able to apply the knowledge of nursing, various critical thinking skills and the personality for clients’ benefit that require follow-up or education regarding issues of health care. The service heavily depends on reliable clinical judgment, attentive listening, latest scientific updates and established trust between the telenurses and the patients (Hagen, Morin & Lupine, 2006). Thus, choosing the career of telenursing will put me on the cutting edge of the combined technology and nursing care delivery in future as it will turn out to be the lucrative move because the demand for this service is increasing considerably.
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References
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Atkin P, Barrett D (2012). Benefits of telenursing in the care of patients with heart failure. Nursing Standard. 27(4), 44-48. Hagen, L., Morin, D., &Lepine, R., (2006). Evaluation of Telenursing Outcomes: Satisfaction, Self-Care Practices, and Cost Savings. Public Health Nursing Rutledge, C. M., Haney, T., Bordelon, M., Renaud, M., & Fowler, C. (2014). Telehealth: Preparing Advanced Practice Nurses to address Healthcare needs in Rural and Underserved Populations. International journal of nursing education scholarship, 11(1), 1-9.
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