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treatment of schizophrenia in childred vs adults
QUESTION
Children and adolescents with schizophrenia have more difficulty functioning in academic or work settings, and significant impairment usually persists into adulthood. They may have speech or language disorders and in some cases borderline intellectual functioning. These individuals are more likely to complete suicide attempts or die from other accidental causes. Schizophrenia is characterized by positive and negative symptoms. Positive symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, and behavior disturbance. Negative symptoms include blunted affect and attention, apathy, and lack of motivation and social interest.
In this Assignment, you compare treatment plans for adults diagnosed with schizophrenia with treatment plans for children and adolescents diagnosed with schizophrenia. You also consider the legal and ethical issues involved in medicating children diagnosed with schizophrenia.
Learning Objectives
Students will:Compare evidence-based treatment plans for adults versus children and adolescents diagnosed with schizophrenia
Analyze legal and ethical issues surrounding the forceful administration of medication to children diagnosed with schizophrenia
Analyze the role of the PMHNP in addressing issues related to the forceful administration of medication to children diagnosed with schizophrenia
To Prepare for this Assignment:Review the Learning Resources concerning early-onset schizophrenia.
The Assignment (2 pages):Compare at least two evidence-based treatment plans for adults diagnosed with schizophrenia with evidence-based treatment plans for children and adolescents diagnosed with schizophrenia.
Explain the legal and ethical issues involved with forcing children diagnosed with schizophrenia to take medication for the disorder and how a PMHNP may address those issues. can you do this assignment by 1am and how much
| Subject | Nursing | Pages | 4 | Style | APA |
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Answer
Early Onset Schizophrenia
Introduction
Early onset schizophrenia is a severe and devastating disorder that is associated with several long-term impairments in social, psychological, and financial aspects of life hence requires immediate treatment. The goal of treating schizophrenia targets symptoms, increasing adaptive functioning, and preventing relapse in order for the patient to live a normal life. This paper, therefore, compares treatment plans for adults diagnosed with schizophrenia with treatment plans for adolescents and children diagnosed with schizophrenia. The paper also considers legal and ethical issues involved with forcing children diagnosed with schizophrenia to take medication for the disorder and how a PMHNP may address those issues.
Evidenced-Based Treatment Plans for Early-Onset Schizophrenia versus Adults
One of the evidenced-based treatment method for early onset schizophrenia and schizophrenia in adults is pharmacology. Particularly this is the use of certain drugs to reduce the symptoms of schizophrenia in both children and adults (Ball, 2018). Particularly, a typical or second generation antipsychotic are considered as the first-line choice of treatment of early onset of schizophrenia. In particular, aripiprazole, paliperidone, quetiapine, Risperidone, and olanzapine are approved by FDA for treating schizophrenia in adolescents. A study conducted by Trinczek et al. (2016) asserts that the drugs have several benefits that include fewer extra pyramid. On the other hand, pharmacology of adult with schizophrenia include the use of typical agents such as haloperidol, chlorpromazine, and fluphenazine. The drugs work by suppressing both negative and positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
The second evidence-based treatment method for treating schizophrenia in children and adults is psychosocial management. Particularly, cognitive behavioral therapy has been used in both cases. According to Trinczek et al. (2016), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a psychotherapeutic treatment method that assists the patients to understand the feelings and thoughts that influence their behaviors. In adolescents, CBT adapted for psychosis (CBTp) has been demonstrated in assisting children to respond and think contrarily to delusions or hallucination in manners that are less impairing and distressing which leads to better functioning. On the other hand, CBT has been used to alter thoughts and perception among adults in order to reduce the symptoms of schizophrenia. Particularly, it assists the adults to cope-up with the disease by altering their behavior and thoughts.
Legal and Ethical Issues Involved When Forcing Children to Take Medication
There some ethical and legal issues involved with forcing children diagnosed with schizophrenia to take medication. The first one is consent. Since children have no right to consent to medication because of their age, it is important for the PMHNP to seek consent from the parents before prescribing or administering any drug. The parents have the right to be told about the medication choices and generally their effects. Secondly, safety is a relative concept, and the likely risks of pharmacotherapy should be considered. According to Alanen (2018), some of the drugs used to treat schizophrenia have severe side effects that can cause more harm. It is in this context that the PMHNP must consider drugs that are less dangerous as far as side effects of drugs are concerned.
Summary
Schizophrenia is a severe and debilitating disorder that is associated with several long term effects. Generally, evidence-based treatment methods for managing schizophrenia among children and adults include psychosocial and pharmacotherapy. Particularly, children are managed with atypical agents while adults are treated with both typical and atypical agents. The psychosocial method that is used in both adults and children is cognitive behavioral therapy. Ethical considerations while treating children with schizophrenia include consent and safety.
References
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Alanen, Y. O. (2018). Schizophrenia: Its origins and need-adapted treatment. Routledge. Ball, A., Rittner, B., Chen, Y. L., & Maguin, E. (2018). Impact of individualized education plans on academic success of youth with early onset schizophrenia. Journal of evidence-informed social work, 15(5), 534-549. Trinczek, E., Heinzel-Gutenbrunner, M., Haberhausen, M., & Bachmann, C. J. (2016). Time to initiation of clozapine treatment in children and adolescents with early-onset schizophrenia. Pharmacopsychiatry, 49(06), 254-259.
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