- What are the “couples” in complementary base pairing in DNA? In RNA?
- Who is given credit for figuring out how inheritance works?
- What is the basic structure of DNA? Who is given credit for determining that structure?
- What are the three levels of DNA? What does each of those levels deal with?
- What is the function of DNA? mRNA?
- What are the possible outcomes of a gene mutation?
- DNA——–DNA———-RNA———Protein
(1) (2) (3) Name the process represented by the arrows(1,2,3).
Remember that TransCription comes before TransLation because C comes before L. - What is DNA profiling (fingerprinting) and what can it be used for?
- What is Gene Therapy and how does It work?
Respiration
- What is the general equation for photosynthesis? What are the outputs (products)? What are the inputs (reactants or starting materials)?
- What is the general equation for cellular respiration? What are the outputs? Inputs?
- How are the general equations for photosynthesis and cellular respiration related?
- What is ATP? Where is it made?
- What is the difference between a homeotherm and a poikilotherm?
- Where does actual gas exchange take place in the respiration system of humans?
- What volume of air does Vital Capacity refer to?
- What is the function of the trachea and describe its structure? Compare it to the esophagus.
- What is the function of the epiglottis and where is it located?
- What is hyperventilation and how does it affect carbon dioxide levels in the blood? How does it affect oxygen levels?
Photosynthesis
- Again, what is the general equation for photosynthesis? What are the outputs? Inputs?
- What is molecule is used to store the products of photosynthesis?
- How are the general equations for photosynthesis and cellular respiration related?
- What is the origin of fossil fuel ?
- What is the difference between an autotroph and a heterotroph?
- What is the difference between a producer and a consumer?
- What part of the plant does photosynthesis take place? In which organelle? In which part of that organelle’s structure do the various stages of photosynthesis occur?
- What is transpiration and where does it primarily occur?
- What is the function of the stomata? What is the function of the guard cells, in which layer of the leaf does photosynthesis occur ?
- How do our eyes perceive different wavelengths of light?
- What is the difference between color and pigment?
- What is chromatography and what is it used for?
Evolution
- Understand the difference between microevolution and macroevolution.
- Be able to define and identify a species.
- What does the term “Natural Selection” refer to?
- What causes new traits or new abilities? Can they be caused by selective pressures?
- What does it mean for a species to become extinct? Endangered? Threatened?
- Name the three causes of extinctions today. Which is the leading cause?
- What is speciation?
- What is conservation biology and what are its goals?
- What is a habitat?
- What defines a “mass extinction”?
Biodiversity - Name and describe the three levels of biodiversity.
- Which of these levels did we focus on in this lab and why?
- Why is genetic diversity important?
- What is SSP and why is it important?
- What is an identification key and what is it used for?
- What are the two components of species diversity? Be able to define both.
- What is a biome?
- What is the initial source of energy for nearly all biomes?
- What is the Diversity Index and what does it tell us about ecological diversity?
Ecology - What are the three levels of levels in increasing complexity?
- What is the difference between biotic and abiotic factors?
- Define biosphere. Define ecosystem. Define community.
- What is a predator? Prey?
- What is predator-prey coevolution?
- What are mutations?
- What does sexual reproduction accomplish in terms of biodiversity?
- What is differential reproductive success?
- How do predator prey relationships illustrate/explain evolution and ecology?
- What is a food web and what are trophic levels?
- What is a keystone species?
- What is a trophic level and a trophic cascade.
